| 摘要: |
| 以皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai Ino)中国群体与日本群体的杂交(WJ)子1 代为母本, 在汕头养殖并选育了3 代的“S”群体为父本, 建立三元杂交组合(WJ-S)并尝试了海区围堰全生态模式养殖。以同期繁育的皱纹盘鲍中国群体与日本群体的杂交子1 代(WJ-F1)为对照, 比较WJ-S 与对照组在生长速度和存活率等方面的差异。结果表明, 在苗种和养成阶段, WJ-S 的度夏存活率均显著高于同期对照; 从围口壳幼体到养成阶段, WJ-S 组的平均壳长大于同期对照, 养成阶段WJ-S 组的全湿重显著高于对照,表明皱纹盘鲍三元杂交子代的生长速度显著高于对照; 从苗种到养成阶段的3 次分选数据表明, WJ-S的大规格子代比例均高于对照, 小规格苗种比率则低于对照, 表明三元杂交鲍苗种的生长速度优于对照; 在青岛崂山海区全生态养殖18 个月, 三元杂交组已达商品规格。上述结果表明, 在二元杂交的基础上加入第三方亲本S 制备的三元杂交皱纹盘鲍, 在生长速度、夏季高水温期的存活率等方面都较皱纹盘鲍“中-日”杂交子代显著提高。 |
| 关键词: 皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai Ino) 苗种繁育 养殖 三元杂交 生长速度 存活率 |
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| 基金项目:国家863 计划(2012AA10A412); 国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD45B01) |
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| Breeding and grow-out of three-way hybrid Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino |
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| Abstract: |
| We conducted a three-way crossing in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) with the WJ (♀) cohort, which was a hybrid between the wild populations from China (♀, W) and that from Japan (♂, J), and the S (♂) cohort which was selected for high growth rate in Shantou for three generations. The over-summering growth rate and survival rate were compared between the derived three-way cross (WJ-S) and the F1 generation of WJ (WJ-F1). The results showed that the average growth rate of the WJ-S cohort was significantly higher than that of WJ-F1 (P＜0.05), which was also seen at commercial production scale. As a result, the proportion of large size adult abalones (＞6 cm in shell length) in the WJ-S cohort was about 2 times more than that of WJ-F1. WJ-S also out performed the WJ-F1 in survival rate during over summering. The survival rate of the WJ-S cohort was 64.02% higher than that of WJ-F1 cohort during over-summering. In short, WJ-S exhibited higher growth and survival rate than WJ-F1, suggesting that three-way crossing may be applicable in aquaculture of Pacific abalone. |
| Key words: Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) breeding grow-out three-way crossing growth survival |
