| 摘要: |
| 海洋浮游细菌利用海水中的溶解有机碳合成自身物质，是海洋浮游生态系统的二次生产者。微型浮游动物是细菌的主要摄食者，也是细菌生产向较高营养级传递的中介。研究洋浮游细菌的生长率和被（微型浮游动物的）摄食率对理解海洋浮游生态系统的功能具有重要作用。本文综述了用改变海水中生物类群组成（或功能）的培养方法研究海洋浮游细菌生长率和被摄食率的研究历程和现状，为我国的同类研究提供借鉴。改变海水中生物类群组成（或功能）进行培养的方法有海水分粒级培养、海水稀释培养和添加选择性抑制剂培养。这些方法各有其局限性，应用并不广泛。细菌及其主要摄食者异养鞭毛虫群落在自然海区和实验室内都有生长周期，鞭毛虫的生长周期落后于细菌，因此细菌的生长率有时会小于被摄食率，有时会大于被摄食率。我国这方面的研究相对落后，应值得引起重视，建议从海水稀释培养法入手开展相关研究。 |
| 关键词: 海洋浮游细菌 生长率 摄食率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:Q958.8 |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）;国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）;中国科学院重大资助项目 |
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| Marine bacterioplankton growth rate and grazing on bacterioplankton by microzooplankton: a review |
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Zhang Wuchang
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Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Marine bacterioplanktons are the secondary producer in marine planktonic ecosystem. They synthesize dissolved organic carbon (DOC) into particle organic carbon in seawater. Microzooplanktons are the main predator of marine bacterioplanktons, and are the link between bacterioplanktons secondary producer and the higher trophic levels. The study of marine bacterioplankton growth rate and grazing rate by microzooplankton is important to understand the function of marine planktonic ecosystem. This review summarized the studies of marine bacterioplankton growth rate and microzooplankton grazing rate by changing the composition (or function) of biological groups in seawater, in order to give a reference for the same study in our country. There were three ways to change the composition (or function) of biological groups in seawater, including seawater size-fractionation incubation, seawater dilution incubation and biological inhibitors addition incubation. These methods were not be used widely. Both bacterioplanktons and flagellates have growth cycles in both field and laboratory. The growth cycle of flagellates fall behind that of bacterioplanktons, therefore the growth rate of bacterioplanktons might be higher or lower than microzooplankton grazing rate. The study of marine bacterioplankton growth rate and microzooplankton grazing rate is rare in China. We suggested to begin our studies with seawater dilution incubation. |
| Key words: marine bacterioplankton growth rate grazed rate |