| 摘要: |
| 通过设置在刺参(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)养殖池塘中的9个2m3保苗网箱(2 m×1 m×1 m)进行现场实验, 比较研究了波形网(CU)、地笼(地笼网CN+地笼板CP)、尼龙网片(NM)等3种类型附着基(共4种附着基材料)在投苗状态下表面附着生物的发生与演替, 及其在刺参苗种中间培育过程中对刺参生长、存活和产量的影响。结果表明: 不同附着基表面的附着生物群落具有相似的演替过程。地笼板(CP)上附着生物的干质量、无灰分干质量显著高于其他3种附着基材料(P<0.05), 而CU、CN和NM之间差异不显著(P>0.05); 4种附着基材料表面附着生物的叶绿素a含量表现为CU>CP>NM>CN,且相互间差异显著(P<0.05); 参苗培育12周时, 采用波形网附着基的网箱苗种产量显著高于地笼(P<0.05), 波形网成活率最高, 且显著高于其他2种附着基(P<0.05)。参苗培育17周后, 采用波形网附着基的网箱, 苗种产量显著高于地笼和尼龙网片(P<0.05), 波形网的苗种成活率和特定增长率显著高于尼龙网片(P<0.05), 地笼与其他两者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。上述结果显示, 附着基类型对刺参中间培育过程中苗种产量、成活率、增长率有显著影响。通过对刺参保苗效果的综合分析, 推荐采用波形网作为刺参室外池塘保苗的附着基。 |
| 关键词: 刺参 保苗 生长 成活率 附着基 附着生物 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20151201001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:东营市科技发展计划项目(2013GG22003); 山东省科技发展计划项目(2010GHY10505, 2014GSF117010) |
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| Effects of substrate type on succession of periphyton and intermediate seedling culture of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, in net cages set in an earthen pond |
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WU Yan-qing,ZHAO Kui-feng,LIU Li-ming,ZHANG Yu-xiang,DU Rong-bin
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| Abstract: |
| A field experiment was conducted in nine net cages of 2 m3 (2 m×1 m×1 m) set in an earthen pond during the intermediate seedling culture period of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka. The experiment investigated the occurrence and succession of periphyton on the surface of three different substrate types (i.e., four different substrate materials) of curvimurate net (CU), ground cage [cage net (CN) & cage plate (CP)], and nylon mesh (NM). Moreover, the effects of substrate type on the growth, survival rate, and yield of A. japonicus were examined simultaneously. The results indicated a similar succession process in periphyton among different substrates. The dry weight (DW) and ash free dry weight (AFDW) of periphyton on CP were significantly higher than that on three other materials (P<0.05), while no significant differences were observed among other substrates (P>0.05). The contents of chlorophyll a on the surfaces of the four substrates in descending order were CU>CP>NM>CN, and significant differences among the four substrates were found. After 12 weeks of seedling culture, the yield of the sea cucumber was significantly higher in the net cages with CU than in those with a ground cage (P<0.05), and the survival rate of the sea cucumber in was significantly higher in the net cages with CU than in other net cages (P<0.05). After 17 weeks of seedling culture, the yield of sea cucumbers was significantly higher in net cages with CU than in the other net cages (P<0.05). The survival rate and special growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumbers was significantly higher in net cages with CU than in those with NM (P<0.05); however, no significant difference was observed between the ground cage and two others (P>0.05). The present results demonstrate that substrate type has a significant influence on yield, survival rate, and growth of A. japonicus during the intermediate culture period. On the basis of comprehensive results analysis of the present study, the substrate CU should be recommended as the better one for the intermediate culture of sea cucumber. |
| Key words: Apostichopus japonicus intermediate seedling culture growth survival rate substrate periphyton |
