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| 中西太平洋镰状真鲨的生物学信息初步研究 |
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丁朋朋1, 戴小杰1,2,3,4, 高春霞1,2,3,4, 吴 峰1,2,3,4, 王 腾1
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1.上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院;2.国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心;3.中国远洋渔业数据中心;4.大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室
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| 摘要: |
| 镰状真鲨(Carcharhinus falciformis)是金枪鱼(Thunnus)延绳钓渔业中常见的兼捕鱼种之一, 位于海洋食物链的顶端, 对海洋物种多样性和生态系统的稳定性有重要意义, 2017年10月1日作为濒危物种被正式列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约附录Ⅱ中。作者根据中国金枪鱼渔业科学观察员在中西太平洋海域(7°S～9°N, 149°E～150°W)采集的1 150尾镰状真鲨样本, 对其叉长、体质量、繁殖和摄食等生物学信息进行初步研究与分析。结果表明: 雌、雄镰状真鲨的优势叉长范围分别为80～180 cm和60～150 cm, 雌性叉长均值显著大于雄性; 雌、雄的叉长和体质量关系无显著性差异(ANCOVA, P>0.05),叉长和体质量的幂函数关系为: W R=9×10–6×LF2.9712; 雌、雄性比符合1︰1比例; 镰状真鲨的鳍脚长度与叉长呈显著正相关性, 其线性关系为LC=0.1492×LF–6.5; 镰状真鲨的怀仔数为4～15尾, 平均怀仔数为8尾, 子宫内雌雄胚胎长度范围为24～56cm; 摄食等级以空胃率为主, 其次为1级, 分别为51.77%、35.07%。 |
| 关键词: 镰状真鲨 生物学信息 中西太平洋 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20170603002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:上海大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710); 大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室开放基金(200908); 农业部远洋渔业观察员项目(08-25) |
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| Preliminary study of biological information for silky shark in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean |
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DING Peng-peng,DAI Xiao-jie,GAO Chun-xia,WU Feng,WANG Teng
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| Abstract: |
| The silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis, is a common bycatch species in the tuna longline fishery. As one of the main species in the oceanic food web, the silky shark plays an important role in maintaining the stability and diversity of the marine ecosystem. Silky sharks were listed as an endangered species in Appendix-II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora published on October 1, 2017. In this study, to examine the fork length, body weight, reproduction, and feeding behavior of silky sharks, China’s national tuna fisheries observers collected 1 150 specimens from the central and western Pacific Ocean (7°S–9°N, 149°E–150°W). The analysis results show the following: (1) The dominant fork length of males and females was 60–150 cm and 80–180 cm, respectively. The mean female fork length was significantly larger than that of males; (2) There is no significant difference in the relationship between the fork length and round weight of male and female silky sharks (ANCOVA, P>0.05), and this relationship can be expressed as W R=9×10–6×LF2.9712; (3) The captured female–male ratio was almost 1︰1; (4) The relationship between clasper length and fork length in the silky shark can be expressed by LC=0.1492×LF–6.5; (5) The number of embryos per litter ranged between 4–15 embryos, the average number of embryos was 8, and the total length of the embryos ranged between 24–56 cm; (6) The dominant feeding grade is level 0, followed by 1, which account for 51.77% and 35.07%, respectively. |
| Key words: Silky shark biological characteristics Western and Central Pacific Ocean |