| 摘要: |
| 为探讨脱脂南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)粉对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)幼鱼体组成和消化性能的影响。作者以鱼粉和脱脂磷虾粉为蛋白源、鱼油为脂肪源, 用脱脂磷虾粉蛋白替代0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%和100%的鱼粉蛋白, 设计7种等蛋白(50%)、等脂肪(8%)的实验饲料(分别表示为F0、F10、F20、F30、F40、F50 和F100)。每组设3个重复, 每个重复20尾鱼, 初始体质量为(68.13±0.20)g, 经过8周的饲养实验。结果表明: F100组的肝体比和脏体比显著低于其他各组(P<0.05), F20～F30组的肥满度显著高于F40组(P<0.05); F100组全鱼的水分和灰分显著高于其他各组(P<0.05), F10组和F100组全鱼的粗蛋白显著高于其他各组(P<0.05), F30组和F50组全鱼的粗脂肪显著高于其他各组(P<0.05), F100组全鱼的粗脂肪显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。F10、F20和F50组肌肉的水分显著高于F100组(P<0.05), F20组和F30组肌肉的粗脂肪显著高于其他各组(P<0.05), 各替代组肌肉的粗蛋白、灰分无组间差异(P>0.05); 胃蛋白酶活性组间无差异(P>0.05), F0和F20的胃脂肪酶活性显著低于F30组(P<0.05), F30组的胃淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05), F30和F100组的肠脂肪酶活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05), F0组的肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05); 脱脂南极磷虾粉替代组的皱襞高度呈现先升高后降低的趋势, F30组的皱襞高度显著高于其他组(P<0.05),替代组和对照组的黏膜厚度和绒毛长度没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。综合来看, 脱脂南极磷虾粉10%～50%的替代比例对圆斑星鲽幼鱼的形态指标、体组成、消化酶活性和肠道形态指标有较好的效果。 |
| 关键词: 圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus) 脱脂磷虾粉 体组成 消化酶 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx 20170525003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务(20603022016005); 天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201604100) |
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| Effects of dietary skimmed krill meal on the body composition and digestive ability of juvenile spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus) |
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ZHENG Jian-ming,YAN Jun-li,CHEN Si-qing,CHANG Qing,WANG Zhen-jie,ZHAO Jie-jie,LIU Chang-lin,HU Jian-cheng
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| Abstract: |
| While both fishmeal and skimmed krill meal (SKM) are considered the main source of protein, fish oil has been used as a source of lipid. This study aims to determine the optimum level of SKM (in replacement of the fishmeal) in the diet for spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus). We conducted an 8-week experiment in which the seven isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets contained 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100% SKM. We provided each diet randomly to a triplicate of 15 fish (60.13 g ± 0.20 g) per tank in the indoor culture system. The results revealed that the viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of other groups were higher than those in the F100 group (P < 0.05). The condition factor of F20-F30 groups was higher than that in the F40 group (P < 0.05). In addition, the whole-body moisture and ASH of the F100 group were higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05); the whole-body crude protein of the F10 and F100 groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05); and the whole-body crude fatty of the F30 and F50 groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the muscle moisture of the F10, F20, and F50 groups was higher than that of the F100 group (P < 0.05); the muscle crude protein and ASH of the F10-F100 groups were similar to those of the F0 group (P > 0.05); and the muscle crude fat of the F20-F30 groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). We observed no significant difference in the pepsin of juvenile spotted halibut among groups (P > 0.05). While the stomach lipase of the F0 and F20 groups were lower than that of the F30 group (P < 0.05), the stomach amylase of the F30 group was higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). Although the intestinal amylase of the F0 group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05), the intestinal lipase of the F30 and F100 groups was lower than that of other groups (P < 0.05). Finally, the fold height of the F30 group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05); however, the mucosal thickness and villus length of juvenile spotted halibut exhibited no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). This study suggests that 10%?50% of SKM levels exert similar effects on the body composition and digestive ability of juvenile spotted halibut. |
| Key words: spotted flounder skimmed krill meal body composition digestive enzyme |
