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| 西太平洋岛弧-弧后盆地热液活动与硫化物特征 |
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王国槐1, 李传顺1,2, 杜德文1,2, 张海桃1,2
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1.海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室, 自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266061;2.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266061
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| 摘要: |
| 基于国内外研究成果对西太平洋岛弧-弧后盆地热液活动的分布规律、扩张速率、水深以及热液硫化物的矿物组成与金属品位等特征进行探讨。西太平洋岛弧-弧后盆地热液硫化物区以活动型热液区为主，受扩张速率的影响明显主要分布在20~60 mm/a地区；水深分布规律主要受所处构造单元的水深特征控制，而非由热液硫化物区的形成特征所决定；研究区内的热液产物主要为富Zn-Cu、富Ba-Zn以及富Fe-Cu型硫化物；热液硫化物中冲绳海槽具有最高的Ag、Pb含量，劳海盆具有最高的Zn含量，马努斯海盆和伊豆-小笠原-马里亚纳海槽具有较高的Au含量，北斐济海盆具有最高的Cu含量。本研究将进一步为西太平洋岛弧-弧后盆地地区热液硫化物资源的勘探与潜在资源量的估算提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 热液活动 硫化物 岛弧-弧后盆地 西太平洋 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20180607002 |
| 分类号:P736 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41706060，41776070，41776076，41276003）；中国大洋协会“十三五”重大项目（DY135-S2-2，DY135-S2-2-01）；山东省泰山学者建设工程 |
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| The characteristics of hydrothermal activities and sulfides in the arc and back-arc basin systems of the Western Pacific |
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WANG Guo-huai1, LI Chuan-shun1,2, DU De-wen1,2, ZHANG Hai-tao1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061;2.Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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| Abstract: |
| Arc and back-arc basin systems in the Western Pacific have complex volcanic and tectonic settings of convergent margins and have exhibited the most prominent seafloor hydrothermal activities around the world. Based on a review of the results of domestic and international investigations and studies of the hydrothermal activities, we present a summary of the tectonic environment (including geographical distributions, water depths, and spreading rates) and the mineral constituents and metal-grade in hydrothermal sulfides in the arc and back-arc basin systems in the Western Pacific. We suggest that hydrothermal sulfide sites in the Western Pacific mainly belong to active hydrothermal fields and that most of them are distributed in regions with spreading rates of 20~60 mm/a. Moreover, the water depth distributions of hydrothermal fields are dominantly controlled by the tectonic unions in which they are situated, rather than the formation characteristics of sulfides. Furthermore, the hydrothermal sulfides mainly consist of Zn-Cu-sulfides, Ba-sulfides and Fe-Cu-sulfides. According to statistics, hydrothermal sulfides in the Okinawa Trough are richest in Ag and Pb, the Lau basin possess the highest enrichment degree of Zn, the Manus basin and Izu-Bonin-Mariana have the highest Au contents, and the North Fiji basin has the highest constituents of Cu. The results of this work will contribute to the exploration and resource estimation of submarine sulfide deposits in the arc and back-arc basin systems of the Western Pacific. |
| Key words: hydrothermal activity sulfide island arc and back arc basin the Western Pacific |