| 摘要: |
| 本研究对紫刺参胚胎和幼体发育过程进行了显微观测，比较分析了其幼体早期生长情况与体色形成过程。结果表明：（1）在水温21.0±0.2℃条件下，紫刺参受精卵在受精10~15min后释放第一极体，5h 30min~6h 30min进入囊胚期，18~20h发育成原肠胚；30~34h进入耳状幼体阶段，8~10d变态发育为樽形幼体，12~14d发育成稚参；紫刺参胚胎和幼体发育时序与普通刺参无显著差异。（2）紫刺参早期发育中的樽形幼体发生率和附着变态率分别为58.4±4.7%和45.1±2.7%，高于普通刺参。（3）紫刺参浮游阶段后期随日龄增长表现出较普通刺参发育更快的优势，在日龄6~7d表现出显著差异（P<0.05）。（4）紫刺参稚参在日龄35d前后自背部开始着色，50d~60d腹部开始着色，110d体表紫色转变近乎成参体色，完成变色过程。 |
| 关键词: 紫刺参 早期发育 生长 体色发育 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20190226002 |
| 分类号:917.4 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划"蓝色粮仓科技创新"专项（2018YFD0901602）；山东省泰山产业领军人才工程（LJNY201613）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系刺参产业创新团队建设工程（SDAIT-22-01）；山东省农业良种工程（2017LZGC010） |
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| Study on early development and body color formation of purple sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus |
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CHEN Xiang-tang1, ZHAO Bin2, LI Cheng-lin2, HAN Sha2, HU Wei2
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1.Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai 264000;2.Mariculture Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, China
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, the spawn, fertilization, embryo and larval development, early growth and body color formation of purple sea cucumber were studied. The results showed that:(1) At 21.0±0.2℃, the fertilized eggs released the first polar bodies after 10~15 minutes of fertilization, entered blastocyst stage after 5 h 30 min~6 h 30 min and developed into gastrointestinal embryo after 18~20 h, entered auricularia stage after 30~34 h, metamorphosed into doliolaria after 8~10 days, and developed into juvenile sea cucumber after 12~14 days, respectively; the development sequence of embryos and larvae of purple sea cucumber was not significantly different from that of normal sea cucumber reported so far. (2) The doliolaria developmental rate and transformation rate of purple sea cucumber were 58.4±4.7% and 45.1±2.7% respectively, which were higher than those of common sea cucumber. (3) The growth of purple sea cucumber in the late planktonic stage was faster than that of common sea cucumber, and there was a significant difference on 6~7 d of age (P<0.05). (4) Before and after the age of 35 d, juvenile purple sea cucumber began to stain its back, and abdominal discoloration begins on 50~60 d, and after 110 days, the purple on the body surface changed to almost parametric body color, completing the process of discoloration. |
| Key words: purple sea cucumber early development growth body color development |
