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| 上层海洋对台风“凯萨娜”(2009)的响应特征 |
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王冠琳1,2,3, 李大伟2,3, 徐腾飞2,3, 滕飞2,3, 魏泽勋2,3
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1.国防科技大学 气象海洋学院, 江苏 南京 211101;2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所 海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266061;3.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
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| 摘要: |
| 本文利用多源卫星遥感数据和Argo浮标数据对2009年台风“凯萨娜”过后，南海上层海洋的物理和生态响应特征进行了分析。结果表明，“凯萨娜”引起的上升流流速最大可以达到1.6×10–3 m/s，台风过后，海表面温度（SST）下降显著，最大降温幅度可以达到6℃，海表面高度降低，先前存在的中尺度冷涡进一步加强。台风过后，沿着台风路径，叶绿素浓度升高，最大值可以达到2 mg/m3以上，初级生产力升高到台风过境前的5倍。SST的最大降温中心与海面高度下降区域以及叶绿素浓度升高的区域一致。Argo数据表明台风诱发了强烈的垂向混合和艾克曼泵吸，不同位置处，垂向混合和艾克曼泵吸的强度不一样。通过混合和泵吸过程，台风可以把海洋内部的营养盐输送到海洋表层，对整个南海的物理和生态过程有重要影响。 |
| 关键词: 台风 海表面温度 海表面高度 叶绿素 Argo |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20190219001 |
| 分类号:P731 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1404203）；青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室开放课题（2017A01）；全球变化与海气相互作用专项（GASI-IPOVAI-03）；国家自然科学基金项目（41706035,41876029）；国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目（U1606405）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA11010304） |
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| Upper ocean responses to Typhoon Ketsana (2009) |
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WANG Guan-lin1,2,3, LI Da-wei2,3, XU Teng-fei2,3, TENG Fei2,3, WEI Ze-xun2,3
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1.College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, China;2.First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China;3.Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Numerical Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
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| Abstract: |
| In this study, the upper ocean physical and biological responses to Typhoon Ketsana (2009) in the South China Sea (SCS) were investigated using multiple remote sensing and Argo data. The results showed that TyphoonKetsana induced heavy rainfall and strong Ekman upwelling, with the maximum Ekman upwelling velocity up to 1.6×10-3 m/s. After Typhoon Ketsana's passing, significant sea surface temperature (SST) drop (up to 6℃) and strong chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration enhancement (up to 2 mg/m3) were observed from the remote sensing data. The sea-level anomaly (SLA) data indicateda declining trend along Typhoon Ketsana's track. The region of SLA drop is coincident with the region of SST drop and Chl-a enhancement. The Argo data showedtyphoon-induced mixing and Ekman upwelling processes in the ocean interior. The importance of mixing and upwelling varies significantly with the distance to Typhoon Ketsana's track. The present study revealed the importance of typhoons in ecosystem in the SCS by inducing the transport of nutrient-rich water from the depths to the surface of the ocean and nourishing the phytoplankton biomass. |
| Key words: typhoon sea surface temperature sea-level height chlorophyll a Argo |