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| 长江三角洲蓝图重绘的基础科学问题:进展与未来研究 |
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汪亚平1,2, 贾建军1, 杨阳1, 周亮1, 冯威1, 高建华2, 魏稳1, 李占海1, 史本伟1, 高抒1
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1.华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室 海洋科学学院, 上海 200241;2.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023
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| 摘要: |
| 在全球气候变化和人类活动影响加剧的背景下，作为河口海岸重要子系统的三角洲正在发生快速变化。长江三角洲地处长江入东海交汇处，是中国最重要的经济核心区之一，对邻近区域乃至整个长江经济带经济社会发展都起着重要作用。由于全球变暖、海面上升和强烈人类活动引发了三角洲系统状态转换，因此以往基于恒定系统状态而获得的有关长江三角洲的认识已不能满足未来需求，迫切需要对未来海面变化、极端事件、流域与河口工程影响下的三角洲物质循环条件、物理过程、地貌冲淤演化、源-汇格局调整等科学问题进行深入研究。在三角洲系统行为、未来演化趋势的预测能力建设中，应重视从海面到海底的综合立体观测系统的发展，以获取关键数据；基于三角洲系统的时、空演化特征，建立三角洲本征态和衍生态的谱系理论。未来需针对系统状态转换而调整原先的经济社会发展模式，以便保护自然资源、重建生态系统，更好地支撑长江经济带发展，重绘长江三角洲发展蓝图。 |
| 关键词: 河口三角洲|海岸带|系统状态转换|沉积物输运|三角洲谱系|蓝图重绘|长江 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20190306002 |
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| 基金项目:上海市教育委员会科研创新计划（2019-01-07-00-05-E00027）；国家自然科学基金项目（41625021） |
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| Fundamental scientific issues for the Changjiang River delta associated with the new blueprint of future development: overview and prospect |
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WANG Ya-ping1,2, JIA Jian-jun1, YANG Yang1, ZHOU Liang1, FENG Wei1, GAO Jian-hua2, WEI Wen1, LI Zhan-hai1, SHI Ben-wei1, GAO Shu1
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1.State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Maine Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;2.School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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| Abstract: |
| River deltas as an important sub-system of the coastal zone are subjected to a series of rapid changes in response to global changes and human activities. This therefore affects the sustainability of the economy and society. The Changjiang River is one of the largest and most highly-developed economic regions in China. This delta system not only plays a key role in regional development but also supports the entire Changjiang River Economic Belt. Previous knowledge about the delta is generally based on a steady status of the system, which will hardly satisfy future needs because of the system regime shift due to global warming, sea level rise and intensified human activities. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the relevant fundamental scientific issues in terms of water/sediment cycling, physical processes, geomorphological evolution associated with erosion and accretion, and changes in sediment source and sink patterns. In order to establish new theories and strategies for adapting to the system regime shift, attention should be paid to the development of an integrated in situ observation system to improve data collection capabilities. The theory of delta spectrum should be improved, including both elementary and derivative status of the delta, to predict the evolution of river delta at different spatial and temporal scales. These research efforts will be beneficial to generating a new blueprint for the economic and social development of the Changjiang River delta, involving new economic and social development modes, new technologies to protect natural resources and rebuild ecosystems, and sustainable support for the Changjiang River Economic Belt. |
| Key words: river delta coastal zone system regime shift sediment transport delta spectrum new blueprint Changjiang River |