| 摘要: |
| 基于1973— 2018年期间的6期遥感影像数据，利用面向对象的分类方法提取江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区核心区的土地覆盖分类信息，进而利用土地转移矩阵分析近45年来盐城保护区核心区土地覆盖变化规律。研究表明：在1973— 2018年期间，研究区土地覆盖类型由海到陆依次为海水、光滩、河流、米草、碱蓬、茅草、芦苇和养殖区。土地覆盖变化总体上表现为：光滩大面积减少，变化类型是光滩→碱蓬群落→米草群落，主要集中在研究区中部地区。茅草群落自2008年消失，变化类型是茅草群落→芦苇群落→养殖区，主要集中在研究区的西南和西北部地区。碱蓬群落明显减少，主要转变为芦苇和米草群落，集中在研究区中部地区；西部靠近海堤的变化类型是碱蓬群落→芦苇群落，东部靠近光滩的变化类型是碱蓬群落→米草群落。养殖区大面积增加，集中在研究区西南部地区；芦苇群落明显增加，集中在研究区西部和西北部地区。结果分析认为，盐城滨海湿地保护区核心区土地覆盖类型在近45年来变化显著，尤其是人工湿地养殖区的分布范围明显增加，这可能对滨海湿地生态系统健康与可持续发展造成一定影响，应尽快改变滨海湿地保护区核心区的开发利用方式。 |
| 关键词: 面向对象 土地覆盖 变化监测 江苏盐城 滨海湿地 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20190704001 |
| 分类号:P931.1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41506106）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目；2019年江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目（SJCX19_0975）；2018年江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目（SJCX18_0919）；江苏省海洋技术品牌专业建设项目（PPZY2015B116）；2018年江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目 |
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| Object-oriented classification and change monitoring of coastal wetland land covers |
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SHAO Ya-ting, LU Xia, YE Hui, ZHANG Sen, SUN Min, LIN Ya-li, ZHAO Qian
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Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on six remote sensing images from 1973 to 2018, land cover classification of core areas of the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve in Yancheng coastal wetland, Jiangsu Province, was retrieved by an object-oriented classification method. Subsequently, a land transfer matrix was used to analyze the characteristics of land cover change in the core areas of the Yancheng nature reserve over the past 45 years. The results showed that from 1973 to 2018, the land cover types from sea to land were seawater, mudflat, river, Spartina, Suaeda salsa, Thatch grass, bulrush, and aquaculture. The qualitative characteristics of land cover changes were as follows. Mudflat decreased on a large scale, and the change pattern was from mudflat to the Suaeda salsa community and then to the rtina community,Spartina community, mainly concentrated in the central part of the study area. The Thatch grass community disappeared in 2008, and the change pattern was from the Thatch grass community to the bulrush community and then to aquaculture areas, mainly concentrated in the southwest and northwest of the study area. The Suaeda salsa community considerably decreased transforming mainly into reed and Spartina communities that were concentrated in the central part of the study area. The change type near the seawall in the west was from the Suaeda salsa community to the bulrush community, while the change type near the beach in the east was from the Suaeda salsa community to the Spartina community. A large area of aquaculture was concentrated in the southwestern part of the study area, and the bulrush communities considerably increased in the western and northwestern regions of the study area. The results also indicated that the land cover types in the core areas of the Yancheng nature reserve had considerably changed over the past 45 years, especially the spatial distribution of the aquaculture areas (had considerably increased), which may have had an adverse impact on the health and sustainable development of the coastal wetland ecosystem. Therefore, changing how land resources in the core areas of the Yangchen nature reserve are developed and utilized is necessary, and this must be done as soon as possible. |
| Key words: object-oriented land cover change detection Yancheng,Jiangsu Province coastal wetland |
