| 摘要: |
| 根据2015年11月和2016年5月在舟山沿岸渔场开展渔业资源调查所获得的甲壳类资料，应用相对重要性指数、生物多样性指数、多元统计分析等方法，对甲壳类的种类组成、优势种、生物多样性、相似性群落结构特征及其与环境之间的关系等进行了研究。结果表明，该项调查在舟山沿岸渔场共捕获并鉴定出甲壳类42种，其中，蟹类20种，隶属于11科5属；虾类21种，隶属于8科15属；虾蛄类1种，隶属于1科1属。秋季的甲壳类物种数高于春季，且秋季优势种有三疣梭子蟹（Portunus trituberculatus）、安氏白虾（Exopalaemon annandalei）以及口虾蛄（Oratosquilla oratoria），而春季则没有明显的优势种出现。生物多样性指数也表现为秋季明显高于春季，且随水深而变化的趋势明显。根据聚类（CLUSTER）分析与非度量多维标度排序（MDS）分析，可将甲壳类划分为4个群落，利用相似性（SIMPER）分析显示群落间相异程度高于相似程度，且秋季的群落相似性高于春季。 |
| 关键词: 甲壳类 生物多样性 群落结构特征 舟山沿岸渔场 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20191122002 |
| 分类号:S932.4 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31270527）；舟山市海洋与渔业局委托项目-海洋工程项目建设对舟山沿岸渔场渔业生态损害的补偿等级划分（2015-2017） |
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| Community structure of crustaceans in the Zhoushan coastal fishery< |
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LIU Hui1, GUO Peng-jun2, YU Cun-gen1, DENG Xiao-yan1, ZHANG Ping1, XU Yong-jiu1, YAN Wen-chao1, XIE Xu1
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1.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Bureau of Marine and Fishery of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China
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| Abstract: |
| We used the relative importance index, biodiversity index, and multivariate statistical analysis to study the species composition, dominance, biological diversity, community structure similarity characteristics, and their relationships with the environment using the data on crustaceans that were obtained from the fishery resources survey conducted in the Zhoushan coastal fishery in November 2015 and May 2016. A total of 42 crustacean species were identified. Among them were 20 species of crab belonging to 11 families of 5 genera, 21 species of shrimp belonging to 8 families of 15 genera, and 1 species of mantis shrimp belonging to 1 genus. The number of crustaceans in autumn was higher than that in spring, and the dominant species in autumn were Portunus trituberculatus, Exopalaemon annandalei, and Oratosquilla oratoria, but there was no obvious dominant species in spring. In addition, the biodiversity index was significantly higher in autumn than in spring, and it was more obvious when the depth of the water increased. According to cluster analysis and non-matrix multidimentional scaling analysis, the crustaceans can be categorized into four groups. Similarity analysis showed that the degree of dissimilarity was higher than the degree of similarity, and the community similarity in autumn was higher than that in spring. |
| Key words: crustacean community structure biodiversity Zhoushan coastal fishery |
