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| 海洋浮游植物薄层的研究进展 |
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王云峰1,2,3, 颜天1,2,3, 于仁成1,2,3,4, 张清春1,2,3, 孔凡洲1,2,3, 周名江1
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 浮游植物薄层是指位于水体次表层、厚度从几厘米到几米的高丰度浮游植物分布层。与大洋相比，在河口、海湾和近海的浮游植物薄层往往分布浅、强度大，具有明显的时空变化。浮游植物薄层的形成和维持不仅受到层化、楔入、剪切等物理过程的调控，也与浮游植物的生长、聚集及浮游动物的差异化捕食等生物生态学过程有关，目前围绕浮游植物薄层的形成机制已提出了趋旋俘获等假说。浮游植物薄层对其生长、繁殖、防御等具有重要意义，有的浮游植物薄层聚集了大量的有毒有害藻，与有害藻华的发生关系密切。深入研究浮游植物薄层的成因，将为阐明有害藻华的发生机制和有效监测提供重要依据。 |
| 关键词: 浮游植物薄层 海洋生态 有害藻华 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20200120004 |
| 分类号:P76 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上基金（41076071）；中澳健康海洋合作项目（2016YFE0101500）；国家科技基础资源调查专项（2018FY100200）；中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心重点部署项目（COMS2019Q05）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2010CB428700，2001CB409700） |
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| Research progresses of thin phytoplankton layer in the ocean |
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WANG Yun-feng1,2,3, YAN Tian1,2,3, YU Ren-cheng1,2,3,4, ZHANG Qing-chun1,2,3, KONG Fan-zhou1,2,3, ZHOU Ming-jiang1
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| The thin phytoplankton layer (TPL) refers to a high-biomass phytoplankton layer with a thickness from centimeters to meters present in subsurface waters. Compared to the TPL in the open ocean, those TPLs in estuaries, bays, and coastal oceans are generally located at shallow depths and have higher densities. The formation of a TPL is closely related to physical processes such as stratification, intrusion, and shearing. Biological processes like buoyancy, swimming, and in situ growth also play important roles. Mechanisms such as gyrotactic trapping have been proposed to explain the formation of a TPL. The formation of a TPL has significant ecological implications through regulation of the growth, reproduction, and defense of phytoplankton. Moreover, the TPL is closely related to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), since a large number of toxic or harmful algae are present in TPLs. An in-depth study of TPLs will provide an important basis on which to clarify the mechanisms of HABs and to develop effective monitoring and early-warning capability against HABs. |
| Key words: thin phytoplankton layer marine ecology harmful algae bloom |