| 摘要: |
| 本文利用欧洲中期预报中心（ECMWF）第五代再分析数据集（ECMWF Reanalysis v5，ERA5），对中国黄渤海海域2000—2019年的波浪进行了统计分析。得到如下的结论：1）黄渤海海区波浪具有明显的季节性，渤海区域有效波高呈现出周边小，中间大的特点；黄海海域有效波高呈现由南向北降低的趋势；研究区域冬季有效波高均值大于其他季节。2）平均周期T的季节分布类似于有效波高的季节均值分布。渤海仅秋冬季T的均值存在大于4 s的区域；黄海海域T的季节分布也呈现由南向北递减的趋势，其中长江口外海区域秋冬季T的季节均值可达6 s。3）有效波高距平场EOF分解结果显示，第一模态表明了波浪变化具有明显的季节性特征；第二模态反映了季风的季节转换对有效波高的影响；第三模态反映的可能是有效波高因地形不同而产生的变化。4）代表点统计结果显示：渤海整个地区的常浪向为NNE-NE，强浪向以NE和NNE为主；黄海海域的常浪向为SSE-SE向，强浪向以N和SSE为主。 |
| 关键词: 波浪 波浪特征 EOF 黄渤海海域 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20201109001 |
| 分类号:P753 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51909114） |
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| Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the waves in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea |
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QIU Wen-bo1, LI Guan-yu1, XU Jun-chen1, HU Yi-qun1, WANG Ya-ding1, SHI Hong-yuan2
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1.Nation Ocean Technology Center, Tianjin 300111, China;2.School of Civil Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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| Abstract: |
| Herein, the waves in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in China between 2000 and 2019 were examined using the ECMWF Reanalysis V5 (ERA5) data set. It was found that:(1) An evident seasonality is observed in the waves in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea areas. In the Bohai Sea, the significant wave height (Hs) shows characteristics of a smaller surrounding area and a larger middle area. However, the Hs in the Yellow Sea tends to decrease from south to north. The mean value of Hs in winter is higher than those in other seasons; (2) The seasonal distribution of the mean period (T) is similar to the seasonal mean distribution of Hs. The mean value of T in the Bohai Sea is greater than 4 s only in autumn and winter. The seasonal distribution of T in the Yellow Sea also shows a decreasing trend from south to north, and the seasonal average of T in autumn and winter in the coastal area off the Yangtze River estuary can reach 6 s; (3) The EOF decomposition results of the Hs anomaly field show that the first mode indicates the obvious seasonal characteristics of the wave changes, the second mode reflects the effect of seasonal changes of a monsoon on Hs, and the third mode may represent the effect of the change in terrain on the change in Hs; and (4) Results of the statistical analysis of the representative points show that the usual wave direction of the whole Bohai Sea area is NNE-NE and the strong wave direction is mainly NE and NNE, while the usual wave direction of the Yellow Sea is SSE-SE and the strong wave direction is mainly N and SSE. |
| Key words: wave wave characteristics EOF Yellow and Bohai Sea |
