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| 投喂策略对多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼生长的影响 |
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李琪1,2, 刘鉴毅1,2,3, 孙艳秋1,2, 邹雄1,2, 王妤1,2, 庄平1,2,3, 冯广朋1,2,3, 赵峰1,2, 黄晓荣1,2, 杨俊1,2
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1.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090;2.水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 上海海洋大学, 上海 201306;3.农业农村部 东海与长江口渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 上海 200090
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| 摘要: |
| 为研究投喂策略对多纹钱蝶鱼（Selenotoca multifasciata）幼鱼生长的影响，实验选取初始湿体质量为1.19±0.35 g的多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼进行养殖，实验为期60 d。1）投喂频率实验：实验设计4组，分别为F1（8：00投喂1次），F2（8：00、20：00投喂2次），F3（8：00、14：00、20：00投喂3次），F4（8：00、12：00、16：00、20：00投喂4次），每组随机放80尾实验鱼，各2个平行，观察多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼生长及饲料利用情况，结果显示：各组终末湿体质量、增重率、特定生长率、摄食率、肥满度均随投喂频率增加呈先上升后降低的趋势，F2与F3无显著差异（P＞0.05），F1与F4无显著差异（P＞0.05）。F4组存活率与其他组差异显著（P＜0.05），F1组增重率显著低于其他组（P＜0.05），特定生长率最高的F2组与F1、F4组差异显著（P＜0.05），最低的F1组与其他组差异均显著（P＜0.05），4种投喂频率对摄食率、肥满度、饲料系数及蛋白质效率没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。2）投喂水平实验：实验设计5组，分别为T0（对照组，每天饱食投喂2次），T1（每天投喂鱼湿体质量2%），T2（每天投喂鱼湿体质量4%），T3（每天投喂鱼湿体质量6%），T4（每天投喂鱼湿体质量8%）。每组随机放80尾实验鱼，设置2个平行，观察多纹钱蝶鱼幼鱼生长及饲料利用情况，结果显示：终末湿体质量、增重率、特定生长率、摄食率、肥满度均随投喂水平的升高而升高，T1、T2、T3、T4组终末湿体质量、增重率、特定生长率有显著差异（P＜0.05），而T4组与对照组在终末湿体质量、增重率和特定生长率方面无显著差异（P＞0.05），各实验组的存活率无明显差异，T0、T3、T4组摄食率与其他2组差异显著（P＜0.05），而T0、T3、T4组间无显著差异（P＞0.05），T1、T2组肥满度显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），T1组饲料系数和蛋白质效率与其他组有显著差异（P＜0.05），其他组间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。综合考虑上述指标和养殖成本，本实验中多纹钱蝶鱼的适宜投喂频率为2次·d–1，投喂水平为6%~8%，可提高经济效益和生态效益。 |
| 关键词: 多纹钱蝶鱼(Selenotoca multifasciata) 投喂策略 生长 饲料利用 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20210421002 |
| 分类号:S963.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2019YFD0900405）；中央基本科研业务费重点项目计划（2019Z01） |
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| Effects of feeding strategies on the growth of Selenotoca multifasciata |
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LI Qi1,2, LIU Jian-yi1,2,3, SUN Yan-qiu1,2, ZOU Xiong1,2, WANG Yu1,2, ZHUANG Ping1,2,3, FENG Guang-peng1,2,3, ZHAO Feng1,2, HUANG Xiao-rong1,2, YANG Jun1,2
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1.East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;2.National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;3.Key Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fisheries Resource and Environment in the Yangtze Estuary and East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200090, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study was to examine the effects of feeding strategies on the growth of Selenotoca multifasciata.Fish with an initial wet weight of 1.19±0.35 g were selected for a 60-day experiment.1) Four groups were established:F1(feeding once at 8:00),F2(feeding twice at 8:00 and 20:00),F3(feeding three times at 8:00,14:00,and 20:00),and F4(feeding four times at 8:00,12:00,16:00,and 20:00).A total of 80 experimental fish were randomly allocated to each group,and 2 parallel to each other.The growth and feed utilization of Selenotoca multifasciata were observed,and the results showed that the final wet weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,feeding rate,and condition factor of each group increased first and then decreased with an increase in feeding frequency.There was no significant difference between F2 and F3 and between F1 and F4(P>0.05 for both).The survival rate of F4 was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05),and the weight gain rate of F1 was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05).The highest specific growth rate of F2 was significantly different from that of F1 and F4(P<0.05),and the lowest specific growth rate of F1 was significantly different from that of the other groups (P<0.05).The four feeding frequencies had no significant effect on the feed rate,condition factor,feed conversion ratio,and protein efficiency rate (P>0.05).2) Similarly,to observe the effect of feeding level,five groups were established:T0(control group,fed twice a day),T1(fed 2% of the fish wet weight per day),T2(fed 4% of the fish wet weight per day),T3(fed 6% of the fish wet weight per day),and T4(fed 8% of fish weight per day).A total of 80 experimental fish were randomly allocated to each group.Each group consisted of two parallel channels.The final wet weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,feed rate,and condition factor increased with an increase in feeding level,and there were significant differences in the final wet weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate among T1,T2,T3 and T4(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in final wet weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate between T4 and T0(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in survival rate among the experimental groups.In contrast,there was a significant difference in feeding rate between T0,T3,and T4 and the other two groups (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among T0,T3,and T4(P>0.05),There were significant differences in the feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency rate between T1 and the other groups (P<0.05) but no significant differences among the other groups (P>0.05).Considering the above indexes and culture cost,the optimal feeding frequency was twice per day.The feeding level was in the range of 6% to 8%,which has the potential to improve the economic and ecological benefits. |
| Key words: Selenotoca multifasciata feeding strategies growth feed utilization |
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