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| 2011—2020年调水调沙前后黄河口海域浮游动物年间变化及影响因子 |
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王秀霞1, 高彦洁2, 左明3, 张孝民1, 李少文1, 杨艳艳1, 徐炳庆1, 李凡1, 王育红1
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1.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006;2.鲁东大学 滨海生态高等研究院, 山东 烟台 264025;3.东营市海洋发展研究院, 山东 东营 257091
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| 摘要: |
| 依据2011—2020年(2016年中断)黄河调水调沙工程实施前、后黄河口海域18个站位野外调查数据, 研究浮游动物种类组成和丰度变化及优势种更替, 以查明黄河口海域浮游动物的年间变动规律及调水调沙工程的影响。结果显示: 共记录浮游动物82种类(包括浮游幼体16类), 其中刺胞动物种类数最多, 共记录26种, 其次是桡足类出现23种。浮游动物种类组成的年间变化差异显著(P < 0.05), 2017年(未进行调水调沙)最低; 调水调沙前、后分别记录浮游动物69种和75种, 调水调沙前后种类数呈正相关(r=0.684, P=0.042); 调水调沙前后优势种更替率较高; 浮游动物丰度在2011—2015年较高, 2017—2020年相对较低, 调水调沙后浮游动物丰度年间变化达极显著水平(P < 0.01), 而调水调沙前后没有显著差异; 浮游动物丰度水平分布总体呈现从黄河口近岸到离岸递减趋势, 密集区位于黄河口北部近岸海域, 调水调沙后密集中心较调水调沙前向离岸海域略有推移。冗余分析表明, 对黄河口浮游动物年间变化影响较大的因子是叶绿素a浓度、溶解氧浓度和水温。研究表明: 2011—2020年调水调沙期间黄河口海域浮游动物丰度年间变动大于调水调沙前后变动, 调水调沙实施对浮游动物影响持续时间较短。 |
| 关键词: 浮游动物 年际变化 调水调沙 黄河口 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20220402001 |
| 分类号:S931 |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE050); 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室开放课题(201902); 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室山东省专项经费(2021QNLM050103); 烟台市科技创新发展计划(2020MSGY061); 烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2021XDHZ053) |
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| Interannual variation and influencing factors of zooplankton in the Yellow River estuary before and after water and sediment discharge regulation from 2011 to 2020 |
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WANG Xiu-xia1, GAO Yan-jie2, ZUO Ming3, ZHANG Xiao-min1, LI Shao-wen1, YANG Yan-yan1, XU Bing-qing1, LI Fan1, WANG Yu-hong1
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1.Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;2.Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;3.Marine Development Research Institute, Dongying 257091, China
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| Abstract: |
| The water and sediment discharge regulation (WSDR) has been implemented since 2002 to address the water and sediment imbalance in the Yellow River. To explore the response of zooplankton to the WSDR in the Yellow River estuary, we analyzed the species composition, spatiotemporal distribution, and dominant species replacement rate of zooplankton using the samples collected by type I plankton net from bottom to surface at 18 sampling stations from 2011 to 2020. The analysis was performed for two conditions: both before and after the WSDR. The results showed that 82 species of zooplankton (including 16 species of planktonic larvae) were recorded in the estuary of the Yellow River; cnidarians had the highest number with 26 species, followed by copepods with 23 species. The interannual variation of zooplankton species was the lowest in 2017 (P < 0.05). Before and after the WSDR, 69 and 75 zooplankton species were recorded, respectively, and the replacement rate of the dominant species was high. Before the WSDR, the abundance of zooplankton was higher in 2011-2015 than in 2017-2020, with no significant difference between the two time periods (before and after the WSDR). The horizontal distribution of zooplankton decreased from the coastal area to the offshore area, and the northern coastal area of the Yellow River Estuary had the highest concentration. Redundancy analysis showed that the most influential factors on zooplankton abundance in the estuary of the Yellow River were chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. In this study, the interannual variation of zooplankton in the estuary of the Yellow River estuary was projected to be greater than that of the WSDR from 2011 to 2020, and the impact of the WSDR on zooplankton in the estuary of Yellow River was short-lived. |
| Key words: zooplankton interannual variation the water and sediment discharge regulation the Yellow River estuary |