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| 基于硬壳蛤的大菱鲆养殖尾水资源化利用研究 |
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胡朋朋1,2,3,4,5,6, 宋浩1,2,3,4,6, 杨美洁1,2,3,4,6, 李金泽4, 王雪刚7, 张涛1,2,4,6
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1.中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 山东 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院海洋牧场工程实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;5.中国科学院大学 北京 100049;6.山东省实验海洋生物学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;7.山东得和水产养殖有限公司, 山东 潍坊 261000
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| 摘要: |
| 大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)是我国北方工厂化海水养殖的重要经济物种, 集约化程度高, 排水量大, 尾水中富含大量氮磷营养盐, 造成资源浪费的同时也增加了治理难度。本实验测定了大菱鲆养殖尾水中化学需氧量(COD)、亚硝酸盐(NO2-)、硝酸盐(NO3-)、氨氮(NH4+)、活性磷酸盐(PO43-)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)及悬浮物(TSS)的含量。利用潜在富营养化分级表评估水体富营养化水平, 利用单因子污染指数法分析主要污染特征, 通过嵌套实验设计对比分析硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)在大菱鲆养殖尾水和贝类养殖池塘中的生长情况。结果表明大菱鲆养殖尾水主要超标因子为无机氮与活性磷酸盐, 水体富营养化程度高, 尾水中较高的氮磷元素可以为单胞藻类增殖提供营养条件, 进而为硬壳蛤生长提供足够的饵料生物, 从而实现大菱鲆养殖尾水的资源化利用。 |
| 关键词: 大菱鲆尾水 硬壳蛤 富营养化评估 单因子污染指数 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20230328001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:天津市科委项目(20YFZCSN00240);天津市农委项目(202103010);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(CARS-49);广西重点研发计划项目(2021AB34014);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室创新团队项目(LMEES-CTSP-2018-1) |
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| Resource utilization of tailwater in the cultivation of the Scophthalmus maximus based on Mercenaria mercenaria |
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HU Peng-peng1,2,3,4,5,6, SONG Hao1,2,3,4,6, YANG Mei-Jie1,2,3,4,6, LI Jin-ze4, WANG Xue-gang7, ZHANG Tao1,2,4,6
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;6.Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China;7.Shandong Dehe Aquaculture Co. LTD, Weifang 261000, China
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| Abstract: |
| Scophthalmus maximus is a commercially significant species in industrial mariculture in northern China. The high degree of intensification and high volume of water displacement make the tailwater rich in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, which leads to the waste of resources and increases the difficulty of management. This study quantified the contents of chemical oxygen demand, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, active phosphate, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and total suspended solids present in the tailwater of S. maximus aquaculture. The eutrophication potential scale was used to evaluate the level of water eutrophication, and the single-factor pollution index method was used to analyze the main pollution characteristics. The experiment compared the growth of Mercenaria mercenaria in the tailwater of S. maximus and a shellfish pond. The findings revealed that the excessive primary components in S. maximus aquaculture tailwater were inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate, resulting in a high level of eutrophication. The high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the tailwater can create ideal nutrition conditions for the growth of monocytic algae and provide sufficient food for the growth of M. mercenaria, thus achieving maximum utilization of the resources in the S. maximus tailwater. |
| Key words: tail water of Scophthalmus maximus Mercenaria mercenaria eutrophication assessment single factor pollution index |
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