| 摘要: |
| 人类开发作为海岛生态系统的主要风险源, 对海岛造成的危害是不可逆的。为了了解人类开发过程中无居民海岛生态风险的演变, 揭示导致生态风险的关键因子。以大竹峙岛为研究区域, 利用景观分类, 以及土壤、气象、土地利用、数字高程模型的数据, 基于景观生态模型和土壤侵蚀模型构建了综合生态风险评价模型, 分析研究区生态风险的变化规律。结果发现: (1)从时间分布上, 大竹峙岛开发利用前、开发高峰期、开发后生态风险平均值呈先显著上升, 再缓慢下降。(2)从空间分布上, 生态风险值分布与开发利用区域基本一致, 高值区主要分布在房屋建筑物区。(3)林窗效应方面, 海岛开发形成的块状林窗生态风险值随林窗尺度的增大而明显增加, 相关性系数达0.86, 条状林窗风险值与尺度无显著相关性, 但与林窗的宽度呈正相关。(4)在开发利用区域, 坡度与生态风险值呈显著正相关, 相关性系数达到0.99。研究结果可为无居民海岛开发利用事中事后监管和生态风险变化评估提供技术手段和借鉴经验。 |
| 关键词: 海岛 生态风险 景观生态 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20230309004 |
| 分类号:X826 |
| 基金项目:浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C03011) |
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| Assessment of the ecological risk associated with the development of an uninhabited island—case research on Dazhuzhi Island, Zhejiang Province, China |
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WU Yingshi1, SUN Decheng1, XIE Jiaqi1, ZHANG Zhao1,2
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1.Wenzhou Marine Center, MNR, Wenzhou 315610, China;2.Marine Ecosystem Observation and Research Station on the Yangtze River Estuary, Hangzhou 310012, China
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| Abstract: |
| The primary threat to island ecosystems is human exploitation, and the consequent damage is irreversible. Dazhuzhi Island was selected as the research area to understand the evolution of the ecological risk of uninhabited islands during the process of development by humans and to identify the key factors leading to ecological risk. The study combined the landscape ecological and soil erosion models to develop a comprehensive ecological risk assessment model that can analyze the changing patterns of ecological risks in the study area. The model data includes soil, meteorology, land use, DEM, and landscape classification. The results revealed the following: (1) based on the time scale, considering the pre-development, peak development, and post-development periods as the nodes, the average ecological risk initially increased significantly and then decreased slowly. (2) Based on the spatial scale, the distribution of the ecological risk was consistent with the development and utilization area, and the high-value area was mainly distributed in the building area. (3) The ecological risk value of blocky gaps formed by development significantly increased with the increase in gap size, with the correlation coefficient reaching 0.86. The risk value of strip gaps had no significant correlation with size but had a positive correlation with gap width. (4) From the perspective of development and utilization areas, the slope has a significant positive correlation with the ecological risk value (correlation coefficient, 0.99). These results can provide technical means and references for the in-process, post-supervision, and normalization evaluation of the development and utilization of uninhabited islands. |
| Key words: islands ecological risk landscape ecology |
