| 摘要: |
| 扎龙湿地是我国北方同纬度地区保留最完整、最原始、最开阔的湿地生态系统，地处中温带，属大陆性季风气候。为了探究其藻类植物群落的变化特征及其与水环境的关系，本文于2011年春、夏、秋季对扎龙湿地的藻类植物群落进行调查分析，共发现藻类植物349个分类单位（包括变种、变型），隶属于8门105属，藻类植物群落全年均以绿藻为主导，其组成呈绿藻-硅藻型。优势种中绿藻门主要以镰形纤维藻（Ankistrodesmus falcatus）和四尾栅藻（Scenedesmus quadricauda）为主，硅藻门以弯棒杆藻（Rhopalodia gibba）和隐头舟形藻（Navicula cryptocephala）为主，优势种组成具有明显的季节演替现象。藻类植物细胞密度呈现明显的单峰型，夏季最高，平均为10.74×104ind./L。湿地研究区域分为开阔型水域、小型封闭水域、湿地型水域和湖泊型水域四个生态类型，不同水域藻类植物群落结构特征明显不同。经聚类和多维尺度分析，将不同采样点的藻类植物群落分为四组，多样性指数表明湿地水体处于轻度污染或无污染状态。综合研究结果可以认为扎龙湿地的水体基本处于贫营养-中营养状态，只有极少数水域处于富营养状态。 |
| 关键词: 藻类植物 群落结构 扎龙湿地 水质评价 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20160300058 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，31270250号，31470308号；黑龙江省学位与研究生教育教学改革研究项目，JGXM-HLJ-2014077号。 |
附件 |
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| ALGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND WATER QUALITY EVALUATION IN ZHALONG WETLAND |
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BA Qiu-Shuang, LI Xue, LIU Yan, DAI Cun-Fang, FAN Ya-Wen
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College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
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| Abstract: |
| Zhalong Wetland, the best preserved, primitive, and open wetland ecosystem in the same latitude area in the northern China, is located in the mid-temperate zoon, and features the continental monsoon climate. To explore the algae community in the wetland and its relationship with the water environment, algal samples were collected during spring, summer, and autumn in 2011. A total of 349 taxa (including species, varieties and forms) were identified, belonging to 8 divisions and 105 genera. Chlorophyta was the most important group throughout the year, the algal community was Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta type. The dominant species were Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Scenedesmus quadricauda, and dominant diatom Rhopalodia gibba and Navicula cryptocephala. The composition of dominant species showed obvious seasonal succession. The density of algae cell was unimodal type, maximum in summer, and average at 10.74×104ind./L. According to clustering and multidimensional analysis, the algae communities of different sample points could be divided into four groups. Diversity index showed that Zhalong Wetland was between no pollution and slight pollution. In overall, the Zhalong Wetland was in a poor-nutritional status, only few parts were eutrophicated. |
| Key words: algae community structure Zhalong Wetland water quality evaluation |
