| 摘要: |
| 熊本牡蛎（Crassostrea sikamea）自然分布于中国长江以南沿海、日本有明海以及韩国沿海地区，具壳质坚硬、肉味清甜等特点，是巨蛎属牡蛎中重要经济种之一。为阐明熊本牡蛎稚贝生长发育的适宜盐度和温度范围，本研究分析了6个不同盐度（15、20、25、30、35和40）和5个不同温度（16、20、24、28和32℃）对熊本牡蛎稚贝生长与存活的影响。盐度实验结果显示，盐度15、20和25组中熊本牡蛎稚贝壳高和壳长显著高于盐度35和40组（P<0.05），且随盐度增加，稚贝壳高、壳长表现为先升高后降低的趋势；盐度20组存活率最高，与盐度30和40组差异显著（P<0.05）；熊本牡蛎稚贝的适宜生长盐度为20-25，适宜存活盐度为15-25。温度实验结果显示，稚贝壳高和壳长在温度28℃组最大，随温度的降低，壳高、壳长也逐渐减小；温度20、24和28℃组存活率显著高于温度16和32℃组（P<0.05）；熊本牡蛎稚贝的适宜生长温度为24-28℃，适宜存活温度为20-28℃。熊本牡蛎稚贝对低盐高温有较强的适应能力。 |
| 关键词: 熊本牡蛎 稚贝 盐度 温度 生长 存活 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20160800169 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:泰山学者种业计划专家项目；山东省科技发展计划项目，2014GHY115002号。 |
附件 |
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| EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF JUVENILE OF KUMAMOTO OYSTER (CRASSOSTREA SIKAMEA) |
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WANG Tao, LI Qi
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The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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| Abstract: |
| Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea naturally distributes along Chinese coastal zones south of Changjiang (Yangtze) River, Japanese Ariake Sea, and Korea. Because of its unique flavor and tasty meat, the oyster is of high commercial value. To determine best rearing conditions of seawater salinity and temperature for juvenile of C. sikamea, effects of salinity (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40) and temperature (16, 20, 24, 28, and 32℃) were determined. The results demonstrate that the shell height and shell length reared at salinities 15, 20 and 25 were significantly greater than those at 35 and 40 (P<0.05), showing a curve of ascending-to-descending with salinity increase. The survival rate was the highest at salinity 20, which is significantly greater than those at salinities 35 and 40 (P<0.05). Salinity 20-25 was shown suitable range for growth, and 15 to 25 marked the survival limit. In temperature, the shell height and shell length at 28℃ were in maximum, and decreased below or beyond 28℃. The survival rate was significantly larger at 20, 24, and 28℃ than at 16 and 32℃ on Day 20 (P<0.05). Temperature 24-28℃ was the suitable growth range, and 20-28℃ was the survival range. In general, juvenile C. sikamea preferred to seawater of high temperature 24-28℃ and low salinity 20-25 for growth. |
| Key words: Kumamoto oyster juvenile salinity temperature growth survival |
