| 摘要: |
| 本文基于2014年11月（秋季）和2015年5月（春季）在三门湾开展的渔业资源调查，结合杭州湾、象山湾、台州湾与乐清湾等4个相似的海湾的相关资料作为对照，依据《中国海洋生物名录》分别构建5个海湾的鱼种名录。以分类多样性指数、分类阶元包含指数、G-F多样性指数等进行多维度析。结果表明：平均分类差异指数（Δ+）象山湾最高（56.01），三门湾最低（48.79）。分类变异差异指数（Λ+）亦为象山湾最高（553.83），三门湾最低（313.63），由此可见象山湾鱼类在各分类阶元分布最不均匀，三门湾最均匀。关于分类阶元包含指数，三门湾鱼类的科、属、种的分类阶元包含指数值均较高；在目级水平上，杭州湾鱼类分类阶元包含指数最低，其余分类阶元上象山湾鱼类最低。G-F指数分析结果显示则显示：象山湾G-F指数最高（0.62），杭州湾最低（0.43）。由此得出，在目级水平上台州湾与乐清湾之间相似性最高（0.84），相似性最低的是三门湾与象山湾（0.5）；在科级水平上台州湾与乐清湾之间相似性最高（0.71），相似性最低的是象山湾与台州湾（0.54）。综上，象山湾鱼类分类多样性最高，三门湾最低。本文通过揭示5个海湾鱼类多样性特征及差异，以期为鱼类资源的开发、利用、保护和管理等应用研究提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 鱼类 分类多样性 G-F指数 相似性系数 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20180100019 |
| 分类号:Q959.4;S931.1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目，41006075号；浙江省软科学研究重点项目，2015C25018号；浙江省重中之重学科“海洋科学学科”项目，111040602136号。 |
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| TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY OF FISH SPECIES IN FIVE BAYS IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE |
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SUN Peng1, WANG Yong-Xue2, TIAN Kuo1, QIU Jin-Jin1, ZHANG Miao-Miao1, NIE Zhen-Lin1, TIAN Jia-Qi1, SHUI Bo-Nian1
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1.College of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Taizhou Bureau of Oceanology and Fishery, Taizhou 318000, China
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| Abstract: |
| With the development of the marine economy, many important bays of Zhejiang are seriously threatened by human activities, causing recession of some significant economic fish living resources. We conducted a nekton survey in the Sanmen Bay in November 2014 (autumn) and May 2015 (spring), and fish samples were collected and compared with those of other four provincial semi-closed bays, i.e., Hangzhou Bay, Xiangshan Bay, Taizhou Bay and Yueqing Bay. By checking against the Checklist of Marine Biota of China Seas, the species number, taxonomic diversity, the inclusion index, G-F index, and species similarity index in the order and family levels were determined. The results show that the Xiangshan Bay had the maximum average taxonomic distinctness index (56.01), while the minimum one was in the Sanmen Bay (48.79), indicating that the genetic relationship of the fish species in the Xiangshan Bay was more distant than those of the other bays. Similarly, the maximum variation in taxonomic distinctness index was found in the Xiangshan Bay (553.83) and the minimum (313.63) in the Sanmen Bay. Meanwhile, the inclusion index at taxonomic level and the average numbers of[families, genera, species],[genera, species], and[species] per order, family, and genus of the Sanmen Bay were[2.7, 4.7, 6.6],[1.74, 2.44], and[1.41], respectively, all being higher than other bays'. The G-F index was maximum (0.62) in Xiangshan Bay and the minimum (0.43) in Hangzhou Bay. Above all, the fish diversity was greatest in the Xiangshan Bay and least in Sanmen Bay. This study may provide references for fish conservation, development, and management in the five provincial bays and beyond. |
| Key words: fish taxonomic diversity G-F diversity index similarity index |
