| 引用本文: | 黄雅琴,王建军,何雪宝,林和山,林俊辉,牟剑锋,刘坤,张舒怡,黎中宝.三沙湾互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响.海洋与湖沼,2020,51(3):506-519. |
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| 三沙湾互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响 |
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黄雅琴1,2,3, 王建军2, 何雪宝2, 林和山1,2, 林俊辉2, 牟剑锋2, 刘坤2, 张舒怡2, 黎中宝1,3
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1.集美大学水产学院 厦门 361021;2.自然资源部第三海洋研究所 厦门 361005;3.福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室 厦门 361021
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| 摘要: |
| 为探讨互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）入侵对三沙湾光滩、红树林湿地的生态影响，分别于2013年10月和2014年9月在三沙湾选择了2条互花米草断面、2条红树林断面和1条光滩进行底栖生物生态调查，分析了大型底栖动物群落分布的时空差异、底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。经鉴定，该调查海域大型底栖动物共68种，隶属于7门40科，其中短拟沼螺（Assiminea brevicula）为互花米草区优势物种；宁波泥蟹（Ilyoplax ningpoensis）为光滩的优势物种；巴林虫（Barantolla sp.）为红树林区优势物种。对各生境大型底栖动物物种数、生物量和栖息密度组成进行双因素无重复方差分析（two-way ANOVA），结果显示不同生境大型底栖动物物种数差异极显著（P<0.01），互花米草入侵红树林后，大型底栖动物物种数稍有下降，但是互花米草入侵光滩后，大型底栖动物物种数有所增加；不同生境大型底栖动物生物量差异极显著（P<0.01），栖息密度差异不显著（P>0.05）。利用大型底栖动物的ABC曲线分析群落结构的稳定性，显示光滩群落结构稳定，互花米草入侵后，优势物种变化显著，双齿围沙蚕数量迅速增加，降低了原有大型底栖动物群落结构的稳定性。除生境影响外，互花米草入侵的潮位区域、生长密度差异、入侵阶段等也均会对大型底栖动物造成影响。 |
| 关键词: 互花米草 红树林 大型底栖动物 多样性 群落结构 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20191200242 |
| 分类号:S963.21+5 |
| 基金项目:自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费，海三科2012012号，海三科2015025号；国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金，MESE-2015-04号。 |
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| EFFECT OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA INVASION ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MACROBENTHOS IN SANSHA BAY, FUJIAN |
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HUANG Ya-Qin1,2,3, WANG Jian-Jun2, HE Xue-Bao2, LIN He-Shan1,2, LIN Jun-Hui2, MOU Jian-Feng2, LIU Kun2, ZHANG Shu-Yi2, LI Zhong-Bao1,3
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1.Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;2.Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China;3.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen 361021, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to research the ecological impact of Spartina alterniflora invasion on community structure of macrobenthos in Sansha Bay, Fujian, by comparing the benthic macro-invertebrate communities in S. alterniflora salt marsh, bare flat, and mangroves. The ecology of macrobenthos community, research methods, and the results, including the differences in disturbance of macrobenthos, the relationship with environmental factors, and bio-indicators of water health, were summarized and reviewed. There were Sixty-eight macro-invertebrate species, belonging to Arthropoda, Mollusca, Annelida and Sipuncula, were collected in three habitats in October 2013 and September 2014, Assiminea brevicula was the dominant species in the S. alterniflora salt marsh, Ilyoplax ningpoensis in the mudflat, and Barantolla sp. in the mangrove. The results of the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) show that the benthos species varied significantly in different habitats. The S. alterniflora invasion decreased slightly the number of benthos species in the mangrove, but increased in the mudflat. In different habitats, the biomass of benthic animal differed significantly, while the density remained unchanged. In addition, the abundance biomass comparison (ABC) showed that the community structure in the mudflat remained stable. After the invasion, the dominant species changed significantly, and Perinereis aibuhitensis community boosted, which weakened the stability of previous benthos community. In addition to the impact on the habitat, the tide zonation, the growth density, and the invasion stage affected considerably the community structure of local macrobenthos. |
| Key words: Spartina alterniflora mangroves macrobenthos diversity community structure |
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