| 摘要: |
| 印太交汇区是当前全球海洋生物多样性的中心，中心的形成演化是地质历史、气候、海洋环境和生命过程协同作用的结果。本文从印太交汇区海洋生物多样性分布格局、形成演化、成因假说与环境驱动机制等角度，概述了相关研究进展，并梳理了研究存在的问题。迄今对印太交汇区多样性中心形成的关键过程和机制的认识仍相当有限。基于近岸浅海研究判定的全球海洋生物多样性中心，是否可推及深海仍然未知，对深海生物多样性分布格局及源汇机制依然不明。未来近海研究应避免对已有研究的重复，关注深海，实现重点突破。对于诸多假说的验证和科学问题的解释，需打破常规，基于今古结合和多学科交叉开展研究。通过古生物与气候环境演化记录，揭示驱动生物演化的环境要素；通过现生生物地理及分子证据，揭示生物适应演化机制与扩布路径；通过生物与海洋流体结构及动力学耦合，揭示相关生物-物理-生态过程。基于多圈层视角的研究可望系统阐释印太交汇区海洋生物多样性中心形成演化过程与机制，取得理论上的突破。 |
| 关键词: 印度-西太平洋 珊瑚大三角 近海 深海 生物多样性 研究展望 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20200900256 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项，XDB42000000号，XDA19060401号；科技基础资源调查专项，2017FY100800号；国家自然科学基金重点项目，41930533号；“科学”号高端用户项目。 |
附件 |
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| FORMATION AND EVOLUTION MECHANISMS OF MARINE BIODIVERSITY CENTER IN THE INDO-PACIFIC CONVERGENCE REGION: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS |
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XU Kui-Dong1,2,3,4
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1.Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| The Indo-Pacific convergence region particularly the Coral Triangle is the center of the world marine biodiversity. The formation and evolution of the center are a result of synergy of geology, climate, marine environment, and life processes, but the knowledge of key processes and mechanisms is still controversial. In this paper, the relevant research progress from the perspectives of the biodiversity pattern, formation and evolution, and the driving mechanisms of the biodiversity center are summarized, and the regarding scientific issues for future research are proposed. Whether the world marine biodiversity center, which is determined based on the study of shallow-sea organisms, can be extended to the deep sea remains unknown. Moreover, the distribution pattern and source-sink mechanism of deep-sea biodiversity are mysterious. More attention should be paid to elucidating the deep-sea biodiversity, biogeography and biophysical interactions. For the verification of hypotheses and the interpretation of scientific issues, it is necessary to break the routine with new perspectives and new approaches. The combination of fossil and molecular records will greatly help to understand the geological and climatic events as well as the changing marine environments on the formation, evolutionary mechanism, and dispersal of marine biodiversity. The coupling of marine diversity and fluid-structure as well as dynamic model will help to reveal the biophysical and ecological processes. Understanding the key processes and mechanisms of the formation and evolution of the marine biodiversity center will provide scientific support for protecting and sustaining the marine biodiversity in the Indo-Pacific convergence region. |
| Key words: Indo-West Pacific Coral Triangle shallow sea deep sea biodiversity research prospect |
