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| 辽河口沉积物中参与主要生物地化循环的微生物功能基因分析 |
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宋吉雪1,2, 明红霞1,2, 石婷婷1,2, 苏洁1,2, 陈泉睿1,2,3, 金媛1,2, 樊景凤1,2
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1.国家海洋环境监测中心 大连 116023;2.国家海洋环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室 大连 116023;3.厦门大学海洋与地球学院 厦门 361005
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| 摘要: |
| 辽河口区域丰富的生物多样性在生物地球化学循环和维持生态系统功能等方面发挥着极其重要的作用。研究辽河口表层沉积物中参与常见地球化学循环的功能基因及其关键影响因子，对揭示和预测辽河口沉积物微生物的功能代谢潜力和受环境变化的影响具有重要意义。应用功能基因芯片（GeoChip 4.0）技术开展微生物功能基因多样性研究。结果表明：在6个沉积物样品中，检测到各类型功能基因48 742个，反映了9个微生物介导的关键生物过程。其中，碳循环相关功能基因最多，其次是氮循环和硫循环，而磷循环相关功能基因较少。各站位生物过程相关的功能基因数量和荧光信号值整体呈由远海到近海上升的趋势，即河相区的微生物功能基因较海相区与混合区普遍丰富。碳循环中参与碳固定的基因荧光信号值最高。氮循环中反硝化功能基因荧光信号值最高。总磷与硝酸盐是影响微生物功能基因多样性分布格局的重要因素。该研究有助于了解环境变化对辽河口沉积物生态系统结构和功能的影响，为研究辽河口表层沉积物微生物介导的生物地球化学循环提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 辽河口 表层沉积物 微生物 基因芯片 功能基因 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20201200341 |
| 分类号:P736.21 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“全球变化及应对”专项项目，2016YFA0601401号；国家自然科学基金，41676115号；海洋赤潮灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室开放基金，MATHAB201815号。 |
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| ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL FUNCTIONAL GENES INVOLVED IN MAJOR BIOGEOCHMICAL CYCLES IN SEDIMENTS OF LIAOHE RIVER ESTUARY |
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SONG Ji-Xue1,2, MING Hong-Xia1,2, SHI Ting-Ting1,2, SU Jie1,2, CHEN Quan-Rui1,2,3, JIN Yuan1,2, FAN Jing-Feng1,2
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1.National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China;2.National Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecological Environment, Marine Environmental Protection, Dalian 116023, China;3.School of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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| Abstract: |
| Rich biodiversity in the Liaohe River estuary region plays a pivotal role in biogeochemical cycles and maintaining ecosystem functions. To understand and predict the functional metabolic potential of microorganisms in the estuary sediments and the impact of environmental changes, functional genes involved in common geochemical cycles and the key influencing factors were studied, for which functional gene chip (GeoChip 4.0) technology was applied to analyze the microbial functional gene diversity. In total, 48 742 functional genes of various types were detected in 6 sediment samples, 9 key biological processes mediated by microorganisms were revealed, among which carbon cycle related functional genes were dominated, followed by nitrogen cycle related, sulfur cycle related, and phosphorus cycle related functional genes. The number and fluorescence signal value of functional genes related to biological process at each station showed an upward trend from offshore to offshore. In other words, the microbial functional genes in river area were more abundant than those in marine and mixed areas. The genes involved in carbon fixation in carbon cycle have the greatest fluorescence signal values. The fluorescence signal value of denitrification function gene was the highest in nitrogen cycle. Total phosphorus and nitrate were important factors affecting the distribution pattern of microbial functional gene diversity. This study is helpful to understand the impact of environmental changes on structure and function of sediment ecosystem in Liaohe River estuary, and provides a scientific basis for studying the biogeochemical cycle mediated by microorganisms in surface sediments in Liaohe River estuary. |
| Key words: Liaohe River estuary surface sediments microorganism genechips functional genes |