| 摘要: |
| 东亚江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri)是渤黄海水域仅有的常见鲸类动物,为我国二级保护水生野生动物,在世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)物种名录中被列为濒危级。渤海黄河口及其邻近水域是东亚江豚重要分布区,但对其分布特征了解十分有限,因而,在该水域开展东亚江豚种群分布调查研究具有必要性和紧迫性。采用被动声学监测技术,通过确认东亚江豚和发声鱼类声信号出现的时间和地点,实现了对春季渤海黄河口及其邻近水域东亚江豚和发声鱼类空间分布的观测。结果表明,春季东亚江豚对该水域的利用具有选择性,主要分布于黄河口北部及莱州湾中部两个区域。此外,也仅在这两个区域探测到鱼类的声信号,特别是莱州湾中部出现大量鱼类发声所形成的“合唱”。该结果为探究东亚江豚在渤海水域的种群分布特征、栖息地选择偏好和影响因素提供了基础数据,强调了水下人为噪声和发声鱼类资源的管理在东亚江豚保护工作中的重要性,对该水域东亚江豚的保护政策制订至关重要。 |
| 关键词: 东亚江豚 被动声学调查 江豚分布 发声鱼类 渔业资源 噪声管理 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20211000259 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国海油海洋环境与生态保护公益基金会项目,CF-MEEC/TR/2021-12号;农业农村部政府购买服务项目,125C0505号。 |
附件 |
|
| DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF THE EAST ASIAN FINLESS PORPOISE IN THE HUANGHE RIVER ESTUARY AND ITS ADJACENT WATERS IN SPRING |
|
CHENG Zhao-Long1,2, Yu Guo-Xu3, LI Yong-Tao1,2, ZUO Tao1,2, NIU Ming-Xiang1,2, WANG Jun1,2
|
|
1.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.Changdao National Ocean Park Administration Center, Yantai 265800, China
|
| Abstract: |
| The East Asian finless porpoise (EAFP, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri) is the exclusive cetacean species commonly seen in Bohai Sea. It was listed as Grade II in the latest updated list of wild animals under priority state conservation, and listed as the endangered in the latest International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. The Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary and its adjacent waters is an important habitat for EAFPs. However, knowledge on its distribution pattern in this area is particularly scarce, which hindered its conservation process. Therefore, passive acoustic monitoring (PAM), including towed PAM and fixed PAM, were conducted in June in 2019 and 2021 in the study region to gain information of spatial distribution of EAFP and the pattern of soniferous fishes. Results reveal that EAFPs were selective in their use of the waters in spring in heterogeneous distribution: higher acoustic encounter densities were observed in the northern part of the estuary and the central of Laizhou Bay than those in the southern part of the estuary and the western part of Laizhou Bay. In further analysis, two types of fish calls were found in the northern Huanghe River estuary and central Laizhou Bay only. Particularly, fish choruses were recorded in the central Laizhou Bay, indicating a high soniferous fish abundance. This study provides insights into the distribution pattern, habitat selection, and potential impact factors of the EAFPs in spring in the Huanghe River estuary and its adjacent waters, highlighting the importance of underwater anthropogenic noise and soniferous fish resource managements for local authorities tasked with protecting this endangered cetacean. |
| Key words: East Asian finless porpoise passive acoustic monitoring porpoise distribution soniferous fish fishery resource noise management |
