| 引用本文: | 刘正宇,俞志明,宋秀贤,曹西华.对虾池塘养殖过程中纤毛虫的动态变化及改性粘土防控初探.海洋与湖沼,2022,53(5):1121-1130. |
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| 对虾池塘养殖过程中纤毛虫的动态变化及改性粘土防控初探 |
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刘正宇1,2,3,4, 俞志明1,2,3,4, 宋秀贤1,2,3,4, 曹西华1,2,3,4
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1.中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室 山东青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室山东青岛 266237;3.中国科学院大学 北京 100049;4.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心 山东青岛 266071
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| 摘要: |
| 纤毛虫是一类单细胞原生动物,部分类群是对虾池塘养殖过程中的病害生物。该研究跟踪了2020年7~10月凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)养殖过程中纤毛虫的动态变化情况,分析了多种环境因素对其动态变化的影响。通过现场喷洒,发现改性粘土对纤毛虫有一定的控制作用;故结合室内实验,探究了改性粘土对水体中纤毛虫的去除作用和机制。研究结果表明,虾池内纤毛虫及2~5 µm微微藻的密度变化呈现出一定的捕食-被捕食关系,后者可通过食物丰歉的方式上行控制纤毛虫;虾池水温为20~25 ℃时更易于纤毛虫生长;纤毛虫偏好较低盐度的环境。在养殖过程中使用改性粘土调控水质会在一定程度上降低水体中的纤毛虫的密度;进而通过室内实验初步探讨了改性粘土对水体中的纤毛虫的去除作用及机制,发现氧化复合改性的硫酸铝改性粘土(MC II)可有效去除纤毛虫,该研究将为对虾养殖过程中纤毛虫病害的防控工作提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 对虾养殖 环境因素 纤毛虫动态变化 改性粘土 防控方法 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20211200317 |
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| 基金项目:山东省重大科技创新工程项目,2019JZZY010808号;2019年度“泰山学者攀登计划”,泰山学者工程专项经费资助。 |
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| DYNAMIC CHANGES OF CILIATES COMMUNITIES IN SHRIMP POND CULTURE AND THE CONTROL WITH MODIFIED CLAY |
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LIU Zheng-Yu1,2,3,4, YU Zhi-Ming1,2,3,4, SONG Xiu-Xian1,2,3,4, CAO Xi-Hua1,2,3,4
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1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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| Abstract: |
| Ciliates are a kind of single-celled protozoa,which is one of the main pathogenic organisms in shrimp pond culture.We monitored the dynamic changes of ciliates during the culture of Penaeus vannamei in summer 2020,and investigated the effects of various environmental factors.Through field experiments,we found that modified clay has a certain control effect on ciliates;then combined with laboratory experiments,we explored the removal effect and mechanism of modified clay on ciliates.Results show that changes in the density of ciliates and 2~5 μm microalgae in the ponds reflected a certain predation-predation relationship,and the latter could control the dynamics of ciliates through food enrichment.Higher water temperature (20~25℃) and lower salinity were conducive to ciliates.In addition,modified clay was applied to the shrimp culture pond in laboratory experiments,showing that modified clay could inhibit ciliates and reduce its density,and especially,oxidized compound modified aluminum sulfate modified clay (MC II) could effectively remove ciliates.This study provided a reference for prevention and control of ciliate-induced diseases of shrimp in the pond culture. |
| Key words: shrimp culture environmental factors dynamic changes of ciliates modified clay prevention and control methods |
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