| 引用本文: | 王琦,孙萍,辛明,张学雷,李艳.东印度洋冬季印尼贯穿流影响区浮游植物群落结构特征.海洋与湖沼,2023,3(3):732-746. |
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| 东印度洋冬季印尼贯穿流影响区浮游植物群落结构特征 |
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王琦1, 孙萍1,2, 辛明1,2, 张学雷1,2, 李艳1,2
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1.自然资源部海洋生态环境科学与技术重点实验室 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 山东 青岛 266061;2.崂山实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室 山东 青岛 266237
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| 摘要: |
| 东印度洋受到印尼贯穿流(Indonesian Throughflow, ITF)等多个大洋流系影响, 是太平洋水在低纬度进入印度洋的重要通道, 具有显著的生态效应, 是金枪鱼的重要渔场之一。为了解上述海域浮游植物群落组成、时空特征及其影响因素, 基于2020年1~2月在该海域采集到的浮游植物样品及同步的环境数据,对其种类组成、生态类型、细胞丰度、优势类群等群落组成及其与环境因子关系进行了研究, 并与赤道东印度洋浮游植物群落进行了比较。结果表明:研究海域共鉴定浮游植物4门57属268种(含变种、变型), 其中, 硅藻38属129种, 甲藻17属136种, 金藻1属2种, 蓝藻1属1种; 生态类型以热带大洋性种类、大洋暖水种和热带近岸种为主, 浮游植物区系属于热带-亚热带生物区系。细胞丰度介于1.28×103~7.84×104 cells/m3之间, 平均值为1.55×104 cells/m3。优势种中硅藻占绝大多数, 分别为短叉角毛藻(Chaetoceros messanensis)、伏氏海毛藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii)、角毛藻(Chaetoceros spp.)、地中海细柱藻(Leptocylindrus mediterraneus)、丛毛辐杆藻(Bacteriastrum comosum)、长海毛藻(Thalassiothrix longissima), 甲藻仅有夜光梨甲藻(Pyrocystis noctiluca)1种, 蓝藻门中的束毛藻(Trichodesmium spp.)亦占有显著的优势地位。多元统计分析表明, 总细胞丰度和角毛藻集群与溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)、溶解无机磷(dissolved inorganic phosphate, DIP)和溶解硅(dissolved silicate, DSi)呈正相关, 研究海区未出现营养盐对浮游植物生长的绝对性限制,仅有3%和6%站位分别受到氮和磷相对性限制作用。这可能与印尼贯穿流对研究海域营养盐的持续补充有关。 |
| 关键词: 东印度洋 印尼贯穿流 浮游植物 群落结构 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20221000265 |
| 分类号:Q948 |
| 基金项目:“全球变化与海气相互作用(二期)”专项,GASI-01-ATP-STwin；“全球变化与海气相互作用”专项,GASI-02-IND-STSwin |
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| STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES IN WINTER INDONESIAN THROUGHFLOW AFFECTED AREAS IN THE EASTERN INDIAN OCEAN |
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WANG Qi1, SUN Ping1,2, XIN Ming1,2, ZHANG Xue-Lei1,2, LI Yan1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao 266061, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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| Abstract: |
| The East Indian Ocean is affected by several ocean current systems such as the Indonesian Throughflow, an important channel for Pacific water to enter the Indian Ocean at low latitudes. The throughflow generates significant ecological effects to this sea area that is considered as one of the most important fishing grounds for tuna. To understand the composition, temporal and spatial characteristics, and influencing factors of phytoplankton communities in the sea areas, based on the phytoplankton samples collected in the sea area from January to February 2020 and the synchronous environmental data, we studied their species composition, ecological type, cell abundance, dominant groups and other community components, and their relationships with environmental factors, and compared them with phytoplankton communities in the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean. Results show that 268 species of phytoplankton belonging to 57 genera of 4 phyla (including varieties and forms) were identified, including 129 species of diatoms from 38 genera, 136 species of dinoflagellates from 17 genera, 2 species of Chrysophyta from 1 genus, and 1 species of cyanobacteria from 1 genus. The ecological types are mainly tropical oceanic species, oceanic warm water species, and tropical nearshore species, and the phytoplankton flora belongs to the tropical-subtropical flora. Cell abundance was between 1.28×103~78.43×103 cells/m3,on average of 15.53×103 cells/m3. Among the dominant species, diatoms accounted for the vast majority, including Chaetoceros spp., Chaetoceros messanensis, Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii, Leptocylindrus mediterraneus, Bacteriastrum comosum, and Thalassiothrix longissima. There was only one dominant species of dinoflagellate, i.e. Pyrocystis noctiluca. Trichodesmium spp. from Cyanophyta was significantly dominated. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the total cell abundance and the population of Chaetoceros are positively correlated with DIN, DISi, and DIP. There was no absolute restriction of nutrients on the growth of phytoplankton in the study sea area, and only 3% and 6% stations were subject to the relative restriction of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. This may be related to the continuous supplement of nutrients in the study area by the Indonesian throughflow. |
| Key words: eastern Indian Ocean the Indonesian Throughflow phytoplankton community structure |
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