引用本文:	王雨辰,雷宁,郝贵杰,周冬仁,王锋,黄爱霞,崔雁娜,孙博怿,林锋.罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)致病性豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)的分离鉴定及其特性分析.海洋与湖沼,2023,3(3):866-874.

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*罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)致病性豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)的分离鉴定及其特性分析*
王雨辰¹, 雷宁², 郝贵杰¹, 周冬仁¹, 王锋³, 黄爱霞¹, 崔雁娜¹, 孙博怿¹, 林锋¹
1.农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室浙江省鱼类健康与营养重点实验室湖州市水产品品质提升与加工技术重点实验室浙江省淡水水产研究所浙江湖州 313001;2.上饶市农林水科学研究中心江西上饶 334000;3.上饶市农业农村产业发展服务中心江西上饶 334000

摘要:

近年来细菌性疾病因病原菌种类繁多、覆盖区域广而影响了其养殖业的健康发展,造成较大的经济损失。从体表具有黑斑、肢体残损症状的罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)肝胰腺组织中分离得到1株病原菌,通过形态学观察、生理生化特性鉴定、16S rRNA序列和特定毒力基因检测鉴定,以及人工回归感染试验和药敏试验分析其致病性和耐药性。结果表明,该菌为豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae),含有aer、lip、gcat、ser和OMPA I等毒力基因;药敏试验显示其对头孢曲松、氯霉素等7种抗生素高度敏感,对恩诺沙星、阿米卡星及复方新诺明3种抗生素中度敏感,对四环素、环丙沙星等10种抗生素具有耐药性;人工回归感染实验表明该菌具有较高的致病性,对罗氏沼虾的半致死浓度为6.54×10⁵CFU/mL。豚鼠气单胞菌作为水产养殖中的条件性致病菌,研究结果揭示了该菌株的部分生物学特性,有利于丰富豚鼠气单胞菌属的基础数据,同时也为罗氏沼虾养殖过程中的病害防控提供了一定参考依据。

关键词: 罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) 豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae) 药敏试验毒力基因

DOI：10.11693/hyhz20220900247

分类号:S917.1

基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目,31402328号；浙江省财政专项,2022CZZX004号；浙江省省属科研院所扶持专项,2023YSZX009号

附件

ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENIC AEROMONAS CAVIAE IN MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII

WANG Yu-Chen¹, LEI Ning², HAO Gui-Jie¹, ZHOU Dong-Ren¹, WANG Feng³, HUANG Ai-Xia¹, CUI Yan-Na¹, SUN Bo-Yi¹, LIN Feng¹

1.Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality Improvement and Processing Technology, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, China;2.Shangrao City Agriculture, Forestry and Water Science Research Center, Shangrao 334000, China;3.Shangrao City Agricultural and Rural Industry Development Service Center, Shangrao 334000, China

Abstract:

Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a farm in Huzhou (Zhejiang, China) showed symptoms such as black spots and limb damage, which could lead to death. To identify the cause of the disease, a pathogen was isolated from the hepatopancreas tissue of M. rosenbergii and was characterized by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical analyses, 16S rRNA sequence, and specific virulence gene analysis. The pathogenicity and drug resistance were analyzed by artificial regression infection test and drug sensitivity test. Results show that the strain was pathogenic Aeromonas caviae, and it contained virulence genes such as aer, lip, gcaT, ser and OMPA I. Drug sensitivity test showed that the strain was highly sensitive to 7 antibiotics (ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, neomycin, doxycycline, gentamicin, and streptomycin), moderately sensitive to 3 antibiotics (enrofloxacin, amikacin, and cotrimoxazole), and resistance to other 10 antibiotics. The artificial regression infection experiment showed that the bacterium was pathogenic to M. rosenbergii, and the median lethal dose was 6.54×10⁵CFU/mL. A. caviae is a conditional pathogen in aquaculture. This study revealed some biological characteristics of this strain, which is beneficial to enrich the basic data of Aeromonas westermani, and may provide a scientific basis and reference for the prevention and control of diseases in M. rosenbergii culture.

Key words: Macrobrachium rosenbergii Aeromonas caviae drug sensitivity test virulence gene