| 引用本文: | 李有志,蒋宏雷,刘哲宇,曲涛,江柳,斯烈钢,王志铮.大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间的形质差异.海洋与湖沼,2023,54(5):1488-1497. |
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| 大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间的形质差异 |
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李有志1, 蒋宏雷2, 刘哲宇1, 曲涛1, 江柳1, 斯烈钢1,2, 王志铮1
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1.浙江海洋大学水产学院 浙江舟山 316022;2.宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 浙江宁波 315103
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| 摘要: |
| 探究引起大黄鱼幼鱼同生群内不同增重性能子群间形质差异的内在逻辑, 揭示造成各子群间生存适应对策分化的主因, 对于精选大黄鱼优质增殖群体和指导大黄鱼幼鱼阶段的科学高效养殖具重要现实意义。随机捕捞宁波市象山西沪港海域内经板式网箱养殖3个月的3 000 ind.大黄鱼同生群幼鱼, 按体质量由大到小依次分为A [体质量(3.446±0.428) g, 出现率5%]、B [体质量(1.966±0.507) g, 出现率90%]、C [体质量(0.738±0.036) g, 出现率5%]三个增重性能子群。于每一子群内各随机选取30 ind.作为生物学指标测定对象, 在测量体质量、鳃质量、内脏质量、净体质量、体长、体宽、体高、肛长、头长、头宽、头高、眼后头长、眼径、鳃盖高、背鳍部体高、腹鳍间距、侧线长、尾柄长、尾柄高的基础上, 依次采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析方法, 较系统开展了三个梯度增重性能子群间形质差异的研究。结果表明: (1) 在所测19项生物学测定性状中, 除尾柄高呈A＞B≈C外, 其余性状均呈A＞B＞C (P＜0.05); (2) 在所涉24项形质评价指标中, A-B、A-C、B-C子群间的指标相似性指数依次为95.8%、12.5%和8.3%, 其中三者均具显著差异的仅重长系数K (体质量/体长), 呈A＞B＞C (P＜0.05); (3) A、B子群间在形质评价指标均值上的欧式距离最近, 首先被聚为一类, 然后再与子群C聚在一起; (4)经主成分分析, 提取到的5个特征根值大于1的主成分的方差累积贡献率为81.055%, 其中PC1可归为与机体代谢、鱼体平衡、食物感知与定位、体质与营养状况以及运动方式相关的竞食能力因子, PC2可归为与暴发运动能力相关的体型框架比例因子, PC3、PC4和PC5可统归为与食物搜寻能力相关的头部框架比例因子; (5) 采用经剔除导入法筛选到的2个关键判别变量(体质量/体长、侧线长/肛长)进行判别分析, 所建Fisher分类函数方程组可较清晰地区分A、B、C子群, 综合判别准确率达97.78%。 |
| 关键词: 大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼 增重性能 形质特征 多元分析 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20230100015 |
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| 基金项目:宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目,2022Z183号;国家公益海洋专项,201405029号;宁波市本级增殖放流技术指导和效果评价,2015-2022;象山港海洋牧场示范区五期建设项目环境监测及功效调查评估,2017-2018。 |
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| COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF JUVENILE LARGE YELLOW CROAKER (LARIMICHTHYS CROCEA) AMONG SUBGROUPS WITH DIFFERENT GROWTH PERFORMANCES FROM A SAME CONGENITAL GROUP IN MORPHOLOGY AND QUALITY |
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LI You-Zhi1, JIANG Hong-Lei2, LIU Zhe-Yu1, QU Tao1, JIANG Liu1, SI Lie-Gang1,2, WANG Zhi-Zheng1
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1.Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Ningbo Ocean and Fishery Research Institute, Ningbo 315103, China
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| Abstract: |
| To explore the mechanism that induces the differences in morphology and quality among subgroups with different growth performances in a congenital group of large yellow croaker juveniles, and then reveal the main factors for the differentiation of survival and adaptation strategies among the subgroups is of great practical significance for selecting high-quality breeding groups of large yellow croaker and guiding the scientific and efficient growth in the juvenile stage. 3 000 ind. large yellow croaker juveniles from a congenital group cultured in plate cages for three months in the Xihu-port sea area of Xiangshan, Ningbo were randomly picked, and then divided into A [body weight (3.446±0.428) g, occurrence rate 5%)], B [body weight (1.966±0.507) g, occurrence rate 90%], C [body weight (0.738±0.036) g, occurrence rate 5%] three gradient growth performance subgroups according to body weight from large to small. In each subgroup, 30 ind. were randomly selected to measure biological traits. In measuring body weight, gill weight, visceral weight, net body weight, body length, body width, body height, preanal length, head length, head width, head depth, head length behind of eye, eye diameter, gill cover height, body depth at dorsal fin, ventral distance, lateral line length, caudal peduncle length, and caudal peduncle depth, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis methods were used in turn to systematically compare the differences in morphology and quality among the three gradient growth performance subgroups. Results showed that: (1) Among the nineteen biological traits, except for the caudal peduncle depth was A＞B≈C, the other traits were A＞B＞C (P＜0.05); (2) Among the twenty-four morphological and quality indexes, the similarities between A-B, A-C, and B-C subgroups were 95.8%, 12.5%, and 8.3%, respectively, and all three of them had significant differences in weight-length coefficients K (body weight/body length), in the form of A＞B＞C (P＜0.05); (3) The Euclidean distance between A and B subgroups on the mean value of the morphology and quality evaluation indicators was the closest so that clustered into a group, and then gathered with subgroup C; (4) By PCA, the cumulative contribution rate of the variance of the extracted five principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 was 81.055%, among which PC1 can be classified as the predator-advantage-factor related to organism metabolism, body balance, food perception and orientation, body quality and nutritional status, and mode of motion; PC2 can be classified as body frame scale factors related to explosive ability; PC3, PC4, and PC5 can be collectively classified as head frame scale factors related to food searching ability; (5) The two key discriminant variables (body weight/body length, lateral line length/preanal length) screened by the step-by-step method were used for discriminant analysis, and the established Fisher classification function equations could clearly distinguish the A, B, and C subgroups, and the comprehensive discrimination accuracy rate was 97.78%. |
| Key words: juvenile large yellow croaker growth performance morphological and quality characteristics multivariate analysis |
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