| 引用本文: | 梁泽玮,李伟业,殷小龙,徐羡,孙闻婧,王雪儿,陈传悦,廖智,严小军,张晓林.温度对厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)鳃组织纤毛结构及摄食率的影响机制研究.海洋与湖沼,2024,55(2):471-478. |
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| 温度对厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)鳃组织纤毛结构及摄食率的影响机制研究 |
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梁泽玮1, 李伟业2, 殷小龙2, 徐羡2, 孙闻婧1, 王雪儿1, 陈传悦1, 廖智1, 严小军1, 张晓林1
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1.浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院 浙江舟山 316022;2.浙江省舟山市水产研究所 浙江舟山 316000
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| 摘要: |
| 纤毛是着生在贻贝鳃上感知外界物理和化学信号并帮助食物转运的一类重要细胞结构, 温度的变化会改变纤毛的形态和生理生化特征, 从而影响贻贝的摄食行为。为探究不同温度下厚壳贻贝的摄食率变化, 以及温度对纤毛的形态、酶活和相关基因表达的影响, 实验设置16、26和32 °C三种温度处理厚壳贻贝, 处理24 h后测定1 h内每个处理组的摄食率, 同时采用组织学方法对各处理组鳃上的纤毛形态结构进行观察,并测定鳃组织的抗氧化酶活力和纤毛相关基因tekt1、tekt2、tekt3、tekt4、caf58、caf100、dnah、rsph99和ift74的表达变化。实验结果显示, 32 °C处理组厚壳贻贝的摄食率显著低于其他两组(P<0.05), 且32 °C处理组贻贝鳃上的前纤毛、侧纤毛以及纤毛细胞受损严重并部分脱落, 血腔间隙破损暴露, 而其余两组鳃上纤毛形态较为正常; 不同温度处理下鳃组织的过氧化氢(H2O2)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力呈现温度特异性; 与16 °C处理组相比, 26 °C处理组中除tekt4和ndah外其他7个纤毛相关基因表达均显著上调, 32 °C处理组除tekt1外其余8个基因表达均显著下调(P<0.05)。上述结果表明, 32 °C高温处理对贻贝鳃上纤毛造成严重损伤, 导致纤毛运动、纤毛再生和纤毛感知功能均受到一定程度的抑制,从而影响食物颗粒的运输, 造成摄食率的降低。 |
| 关键词: 厚壳贻贝 温度 纤毛 摄食率 细胞氧化损伤 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20231100257 |
| 分类号:Q175;S968.3 |
| 基金项目:舟山市科技局项目,2022C31047号,2023C31047号;浙江省自然科学基金项目,LQ23D060002号;国家自然科学基金委重点国际(地区)合作与交流项目,42020104009号。 |
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| EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON FEEDING RATE AND GILL CILIA OF MYTILUS CORUSCUS |
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LIANG Ze-Wei1, LI Wei-Ye2, YIN Xiao-Long2, XU Xian2, SUN Wen-Jing1, WANG Xue-Er1, CHEN Chuan-Yue1, LIAO Zhi1, YAN Xiao-Jun1, ZHANG Xiao-Lin1
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1.Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316000, China
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| Abstract: |
| Cilia are important cellular structures located on the gills of clams, responsible for sensing external physical and chemical signals and aiding in the transport of food. Changes in temperature can alter the morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of cilia, thereby affecting the feeding behavior of clams. This study aims to explore the variations in the feeding rate of hard clams under different temperatures, and the effects of temperature on the morphology of cilia, enzyme activity, and the expression of related genes. The experiment involved exposing hard clams to three different temperatures: 16, 26, and 32 °C, for 24 hours. After treatment, the feeding rate of each group was measured within 1 hour. Histological methods were used to observe the morphological structure of cilia on the gills in each treatment group, and the antioxidant enzyme activity in gill tissue and the expression changes of cilia-related genes tekt1, tekt2, tekt3, tekt4, caf58, caf100, dnah, rsph9, and ift74 were measured. The results showed that the feeding rate of the 32 °C treatment group was significantly lower than the other two groups (P<0.05). The cilia on the gills of clams treated at 32 °C, including the frontal and lateral cilia and cilium cells, were severely damaged and partially shed, with exposed blood lacunar spaces, while the cilia morphology in the other two groups appeared relatively normal. The activities of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in gill tissues under different temperature treatments showed temperature specificity. Compared with the 16 °C treatment group, the expression of seven out of the nine cilia-related genes in the 26 °C group was significantly upregulated, except for tekt4 and dnah. In the 32 °C treatment group, the expression of eight out of the nine genes was significantly downregulated, except for tekt1 (P<0.05). These results suggest that high-temperature treatment at 32 °C causes severe damage to the cilia on the gills of clams, leading to inhibition of ciliary movement, regeneration, and sensory functions, thereby affecting the transport of food particles and resulting in a reduced feeding rate. |
| Key words: Mytilus coruscus temperature cilia feeding rate cellular oxidative damage |
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