| 摘要: |
| 于1985，1986和1987三年的夏季在辽宁省大连湾采集赤潮生物–赤潮异湾藻，以相差显微镜和扫描电镜进行了形态观察和分类研究；同时述及其分类沿革及至今仍存在的争议，结合本种在大连湾的生态特点简要地综述了其在世界上的分布、生理宗、昼夜垂直移动、营养摄取以及细胞分裂周期和种群繁殖等。结果表明，在温带近海夏、秋季赤潮异弯藻的生长率最高，冬季休眠于海底；温度是限制其复苏的主要因子。本种昼夜都能摄取营养，生态效益较高是其易于形成赤潮的动力。海水中的N，Fe和Mn的含量是影响本种赤潮发生的营养因子。 |
| 关键词: 大连湾 赤潮 赤潮异弯藻 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助，9389008号 |
|
| STUDIES ON HETEROSIGMA AKASHIWO (HADA) HADA IN THE DALIAN BIGHT, LIAONING, CHINA |
|
Guo Yujie
|
|
Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao 266071
|
| Abstract: |
| In the summers (June - August) of 1985, 1986 and 1987, a large in scale brownish red bloom of Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hadala species newly recorded from China Seas appeared and lasted for about 7 days respectively in the Dalian Bight. This paper discusses the morphology, classification, recent controversy on the systematic taxonomy of the H. akashiwo (Hada) Hada, ecologic characteristics, and the environmental factors (nutrients, temperature, salinity, etc.) that directly or indirectly came red tide of this species here.
In the temperate neritic region, the H. akashiwo (Hada) Hada lie dorment in the sea bottom mud during the winter, when the temperature of the bottom seawater increases over 15°C (the surface water in the Dalian Bight is about 22°C and 25 – 29 in salinity), it revives and reachs the highest growth rate from summer to autumn, so the temperature is the main limiting factor for the revival of H. akashiwo, it could take up the nutrients containing in the seawater from the day-time to night, so the red tide of H. akashiwo appears more often than that of the algae which only absorb the nutrients in the day-time, such as the diatoms. In the seawater of the Dalian Bight, the contents of N, Fe, and Mn are the nutrient factors affecting the occurrence of red tide of H. akashiwo (Hada) Hada. |
| Key words: Dalian Bight (Liaoning, China), Red tide, Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada |