| 摘要: |
| 于1990年5月1993年10月，为查清火灾对森林沼泽生态系统的影响，采取野外面上考察与定位观测，野外实验与室内分析化验，定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法，在阿木尔林业局长缨林场、红旗林场选取观测点进行森林沼泽生态系统火生态效应的对比观测与实验。研究表明：本区火生态因子具有发生次数多、频度高、火灾轮回期短、作用强度大的特点；火是森林沼泽生态系统最活跃、最重要的生态环境因子之一。火改变了森林沼泽植物、动物、微生物的生存环境，使其组成、数量发生明显变化；火生态因子作用后，森林沼泽土壤含水量、容重、温度、PH值、主要营养元素含量增加；坡地上森林沼泽地下水位下降，而沟谷内森林沼泽地下水位上升；森林沼泽水的矿化度、阳离子含量、PH值显著增加，透明度下降；火抑制泥炭积累，使泥炭中存贮的森林沼泽形成、发育的古生态环境信息缺失。 |
| 关键词: 森林沼泽 火生态因子 火生态效应 大兴安岭地区 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，48970017号 |
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| FOREST FIRE'S ECOLOGICAL EFFECT ON FOREST MIRE ECOSYSTEM IN THE DAXINGANLING MOUNTAINS |
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Yang Yongxing,Yang Yujuan,Pang Zhiping,Yang Yonghai
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1.Institute of Geography, Acadcmia Sinica, Changchun 130021;2.Department of Audio_Visual Education,Northeast Norm,al University,changchun 130024;3.Test Center of Jilin University of Technology, changchun 130025
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| Abstract: |
| To ascertain forest fire’s effects on the forest mire ecosystem, fixed observations, field investigations and experiments, laboratory analyses, and qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted from May 1990 to Oct. 1993. The following conclusions were obtained from comprehensive analysis of a great deal of materials and data. The fire ecological factor is characterized by high frequency, short cyclic period and high intensity in this region, and is one of the most active and most important ecological environment facts. It makes a big impact on the composition and abundance plant, animal and soil microbes in the mire ecosystem. Fire’s action on mire, water content, volume weight, temperature increases obviously the content of main nutrient elements of mire soil. The underground water level descends in slope mire, rises in valley mire. The mineralization degree, cations content and Ph of mire water increase, transparency reduces. Fire inhibits the peat accumulation and accelerates the biogeochemical cycle of the mire ecosystem and also disturbs the peat depositional stratigraphic sequence. Fire can change mire microtopography and its successional regularity. In addition, fire destroys the paleoecological environment information base of mire formation and development. |
| Key words: Forest mire, Fire ecological factor, Fire ecological effect, Daxinganling Mountains |
