| 摘要: |
| 根据1985－1987年和1989－1991年对青海湖及其水系的考查资料，研究其化学变化。结果表明，近30年来，青海湖及其入湖河流水系在萎缩过程中，水系总矿化度增加，逐渐咸化。除尕海水的Mg2+；耳海水的K+，SO2-4，CO2-3；入湖河流水的SO2-4离子浓度减小外，青海湖、尕海及耳海水体中的Na+，Cl-，SO2-4离子增加速率较大，Ca2+,Mg2+等离子增加速率较小。尕海水体中各化学组分浓度增加速率较其它湖大。青海湖及尕海水型由ClNaIII变成ClNaII，耳海由ClNaII变成ClNaI；布哈河、哈尔盖河由CCaII变成CCaI，黑马河由CCaIII变成CCaII，倒淌河由CCaII变成CNaI，沙柳河、甘子河及泉吉河水型不变，仍为CCaII。 |
| 关键词: 青海湖 水系 化学变化 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，4880103号 |
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| CHEMICAL CHANGES OF QINGHAIHU LAKE AND ITS RIVER WATER SYSTEM IN THE LAST 30 YEARS |
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Yu Shengsong
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Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008
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| Abstract: |
| Qinghaihu Lake is China ’s biggest inland brackish lake. Erhai Lake and Gahai Lake are its daughter lakes. About 50 rivers flow into the lake. As Qinghaihu Lake and rivers that flow into it shrink, the lake water salinity and mineralization have been increasing for nearly 30 years. Except for concentration of Mg2+ in Gahai Lake waters, K+, SO2-4, CO2-3 in Erhai Lake water and SO2-4 in rivers that flow into the lake decrease, all chemical component concentration in Qinghaihu Lake and that of other ions in the above-mentioned waters increase. But the annual average rate of increase is different, that of, Na+, Cl-, SO2-4 being higher, that of Ca2+, Mg2+ being lower. The increase rate of chemical component concentration in Gahai Lake waters is higher than that in other lakes. Water type has changed from ClNaIII to ClNaII in Qinghaihu Lake and Gahai Lake waters, from ClNaII to ClNaI in Erhai Lake waters; from CCaII to CCaI in Buha and Hargai Rivers, from CCaIII to CCaII in Heima River and from CCaII to CCaI in Daotang River, and has been unchanged (CCaII) in Shaliu, Ganzi and Quanji Rivers. |
| Key words: Qinghaihu Lake, River water system, Chemical changes |
