| 摘要: |
| 于1992年7月－11月在青岛胶州湾五号码头养殖海区采集海湾扇贝，定期取样，测壳长、水温，并对性腺进行切片观察，以研究其性腺发育。观察表明，海湾扇贝性腺由3部分构成：滤泡、生殖管和生殖输送管。其发育期可分为五个：增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期。增殖期在7月中旬－8月中旬，水温在21.8 – 23.8°C，小苗平均壳高18.1mm，大苗平均壳高23.1mm；生长期在8月中下旬，水温约在23.5°C，小苗壳高为24.1mm，大苗壳高为43.3mm；成熟期在8月下旬，水温在23.5 – 24.5°C，壳高25 – 45mm，大小个体生殖腺卵巢均呈暗红色；排放期在8月末－9月中旬，水温在23.5－24.6°C，凡壳高25mm以上的个体均有不同程度的排放；休止期在9月中旬－11月初，此期水温逐渐下降，从24.6°C降至15.4°C，雌、雄滤泡不易区分。 |
| 关键词: 海湾扇贝 性腺发育 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国水产科学研究院资助项目，91－02－05号 |
|
| A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON GONAD DEVELOPMENT IN THE BAY SCALLOP ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS |
|
Shen Juefen, Yang Aiguo, Yan Jingping
|
|
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266003
|
| Abstract: |
| Bay scallops Argopecten irradians were collected from their culture region around the No.5 wharf of Jiaozhou Bay during July and November in 1992. The seawater temperature, scallop shell length were measured periodically, and the gonad development was examined simultaneously. The results showed that the bay scallop gonad consists of follicle, gonaduct, and vasa efferentia. The follicle (the most important part of the gonad) is a capsular structure formed by enlargement of the ends of branches and tubes in the gonad, and functions as a producer of reproductive germ cells which gradually developed to be oocytes and spermatozoa. The gonaducts are composed of a lot of reticulated branches which are connected tofollicles in the end, and are very difficult to be seen before spawning because they are covered by the dense follicles, but they can be seen on the gonad surface after spawning. The vasa efferentia is an enlarged tube converged by gonaducts. Bay scallop gonad development is composed of 5 stages: proliferation, growth, maturation, spawning, and recovery. The proliferation stage occurs during mid-July and mid-August, when seawater temperature is from 21.8 - 23.8 °C and shell length is from 18.1 - 23.1 mm. The growth stage occurs in mid- and late-August, when water temperature is around 23.5 °C and shell length is 24.1 - 43.3 mm. The maturation stage occurs in late-August, when water temperature is 23.5 to 24.5°C and shell length is 25.0 to 45.0 mm (the gonad is dark red during this stage). The spawning stage occurs in late-August and mid-September when water temperature is 23.5° to 24.6°C (at this stage, all scallops with >25 mm shell length spawn more or less). The recovery stage occurs in mid-September and early November, when water temperature decreases from 24.6 to 15.4°C (male and female follicles cannot be distinguished at this stage). Although many authors ascribed the scallop shigh mortality in fall to the scallop’s body size, because large individuals are in poor health after spawning in fall, the author’s observation indicated that the scallop mortality had no relation to body size. |
| Key words: Argopecten irradians, Gonad development |
