| 摘要: |
| 主要对1983－1996年间关于鱼类生长激素的体内代谢、分泌调控和作用机制的研究进展予以综合评述。通过鱼类生长激素特异性放射免疫测定法的建立和体内代谢动力学研究，证实，外源生长激素在鱼体内不会产生积累。鱼类生长激素的分泌调控受下丘脑分泌的生长激素释放因子（GHRF）和释放抑制因子（SRIF）的双重调节；促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、雌二醇（E2）、促甲状腺素释放激素（TRH）和神经肽（NYP）对鱼类生长激素的释放有刺激作用；儿茶酚胺也有调控鱼类生长激素释放的作用。已证实，生长激素（GH）能够促进鱼体蛋白质的合成，产生正氮平衡，提高鱼类对食物的转化率；能够促进鱼体脂肪的动用与氧化，增加血清葡萄糖的含量。胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）是生长激素发挥生理作用的中介物质；鱼类生长激素受体主要在肝脏，同时在卵巢、精巢、脂肪、皮肤、软骨、鳃、血液、脑、胆囊、肾脏和肌肉组织中也有分布。生长激素具有加强鱼鳃Na+/K+-ATP酶的活性，增加鱼类的低渗调控作用；鱼类对口服外源生长激素的吸收部位主要在后肠。 |
| 关键词: 鱼类 生长激素 代谢 调控 作用机制 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，39470553号 |
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| ADVANCES IN THE STUDIES ON THE PLASMA METABOLISM, REGULATION AND ACTION MECHANISM(S) OF FISH GROWTH HORMONE |
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Xu Bin1, Zhang Peijun2, Li Deshang1
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1.Open Laboratory on Aquaculture Research of the State Educational Committee of China,Ocean University of Qingdao.Qingdao 266003;2.Experimental Marine Biological Laboratory,Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071
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| Abstract: |
| The advances in studies on plasma metabolism, regulation and action mechanism(s) of fish growth hormone (GH) were reviewed based on related data from 1983 to 1996. The establish of the specific radioimmnunoassay (RIA) method and studies on the kinetics of plasma GH metabolism revealed that exogenous GH could not be accumulated in the fish body. Fish GHs are jointly regulated by the growth hormone releasing-factor (GHRF) and somatostatin (SRIF) secreted in the hypothalamus. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), 17β-extradiol (E2) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) could stimulate release of fish GH. The regulation mechanism of catecholamines on GH release also exists in fish. It was evident that GH was capable of stimulating protein synthesis, improving nitrogen retention and food conversion efficiency, increasing the use and oxidation of fat and enhancing the plasma glucose levels in fish. The insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) was the somatomedin connected with the physiological functions of fish GH. The receptor of fish GH was mainly located at the liver. GH receptors have been characterized in ovary, testis, fat, skin, cartilage, gill, blood pellet, brain, spleen, kidney and muscles. GH has the property of hypo-osmoregulatory through improving the action of gill Na+/K+-ATPase. The main site absorbed exogenous GH by oral was located at the posterior intestinal tract of teleost. |
| Key words: Fish, Growth hormone, Metabolism, Regulation, Mechanism(s) |
