| 摘要: |
| 分析了1991年上半年南海大鹏湾盐田水域夜光藻（Noctiluca scintillans）和浮游动、植物之间的种群动态关系。结果表明，在春季高峰期3月至5月初，调查海域共出现12个夜光藻和浮游动、植物高峰。其中，以发生4次赤潮的夜光藻种群占主导地位，其次是棱角类的鸟啄尖头蚤（Penilia avirostris），其最高数量高达96238 ind./m3。相比之下，在夜光藻和枝角类鸟啄尖头蚤捕食压力的影响下，浮游植物（尤其是硅藻）的春季高峰并不显著。调查结果表明夜光藻的过度繁殖（＞1103 cell/L），不但对产浮游性卵的桡足类、甲壳类及鱼卵仔鱼具明显的捕食压力，而且使浮游动物种类多样性降低。调查水域在3-5月，以不到6d的周期出现1个生产高峰。这种高生产力即体现了富营养化程度较高的近岸水域的特性，又是生态系整体构造的衰退、生物多样性降低和食物链的缩短的表现。 |
| 关键词: 夜光藻 赤潮 群落生态 鸟啄尖头蚤 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，9389008号 |
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| THE POSITION AND FUNCTION OF NOCTILUCA SCINTILLANS IN ITS ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY IN DAPENG BAY, THE SOUTH CHINASEA |
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Huang Changjiang1, Qi Sang1, Qi Yuzao1, Lin Xiaotao1, Ou Qiang2
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1.Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632;2.South China Sea Branch, SOA, Guangzhou 510300
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| Abstract: |
| This paper presents an analysis of the relationship among the N. scintillans population, phytoplankton and zooplankton in Dapeng Bay, the South China Sea, showing that there were 12 peaks of N. scintillans population, phytoplankton and zooplankton in the study area between March - May, 1991. Among these three categories, N. scintillans with four blooms in 1991, was the first dominant, followed by cladocera P. avirostris, with abundance maximizing at 96238 ind./m3. In comparison with them, the spring peak of phytoplankton, especially in diatom, was not so remarkable, the feeding pressure from N. scintillans and P. avirostris being a most probable reason. Another finding in this study was that the N. scintillans population's great feeding pressure on copepoda, crustacean larvae and fish egg & larvae, and remarkably decreased the diversities of zooplankton species diversities.
In the study area, the production peak of N. scintillans phytoplankton or zooplankton shifting in about six-day interval between March and May. This agreed well with the ecological characteristics of coastal eutrophicated waters. For this finding, there are two possible explanations: one is that animals such as N. scintillans and P. avirostris with great variety of foods and strong environmental adaptation can develop earlier than others; another is that the faster material cycle and energy flow due to vertical mixture in the shallow water may be contributive to the increase of productivity. |
| Key words: Noctiluca scintillans, Red tide, Ecology of community, Penilia avirostris |
