| 摘要: |
| 于1995年3月在日本Tokushima的裙带菜养殖基地分离和培养若干单倍体克隆并利用新近发展起来的单倍体丰富培养技术将分离的单倍体进行丰富培养。1996年3月，以不同来源的裙带菜雌雄单倍体克隆进行不同组合的种内杂交实验，并利用多个单倍体克隆作为种源的对照。杂交所得到的不同幼孢子体在室内被培养在15°C，L:D（光暗比）＝16:8，光强255 μmol/(m2?s)。在培养的过程中对幼孢子体进行了形态和生长的测定。生长的测定是利用计算机支持的生物图像自动测定系统（computer-aided bioimage system）对完成的。这套系统可以准确的利用自动成像装置结合相应的软件来测定幼孢子体的面积的增长或连续的相对生长速度，这样可以克服只测量长度的增长而忽视宽度和整个面积的增长的缺点。结果表明：（1）利用裙带菜单倍体克隆交配所得到幼孢子体（0.8-1.5 cm）的形态具有高度的相似性，其生长速度也具有同步性；（2）不同单倍体克隆交配所得到幼孢子体的形态和生长速度具有显著的差异。因而，单倍体克隆交配所得到孢子体具有高度相同的形态特征在幼孢子体阶段得到证实。这一结果的意义在于可以通过筛选生长速度的杂交组合作为品系培育的基础材料，并结合具有其它的优良经济性状的单倍体克隆进行新品种的培育；由于使用单倍体克隆进行交配所得到的孢子体具有高度相同的性状这一工作假设在幼体和成体阶段均得到了证实，一个新的品系培育的方法更加符合趋于成熟，这为以后的育种工作奠定了理论基础。 |
| 关键词: 裙带菜 种内杂交 配子体 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:德国学术交流中心（DAAD）提供资助 |
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| INTRASPECIFIC CROSSINGS OF UNDARIA PINNATIFIDA (HARV.) SUR. —ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND GROWTH VARIBILITY OF JUVENILE SPOROPHYTES |
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PANG Shao-jun
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Institute of Oceanology,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,266071
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| Abstract: |
| Unicellular gametophyte clones of Unduriu pinnatifida were isolated in Tokushima, Japan, and Qingdao, China in April-June of 1995. Vegetative gametophyte clone cultures were obtained and multiplied. In 1996, various gametophytic clones were used to complete different intraspecific crossings in lab. In each of the tries, juvenile sporophytes (0.8 - 1.5 cm in length) were successfully obtained. Morphological features and growth rate were analyzed. Morphological and growth variances among juvenile sporophytes resulting from different crossing combinations occurred at very early developmental stages, which are attributable to genetic differences. Juvenile sporophytes resulting from the same crossing combination of unicellular parental male and female gametophytes, in each case, possessed highly identical morphology and growth rate. This result is in accordance with previous observations on adult sporophytes: offsprings from the same crossing combination of unicellular gametophytes possessed uniquely identical morphology after months’ open sea cultivation. Further, evidences show that selection of strains that have desired morphological characteristics and growth potential by screening unicellular gametophytes is highly possible. This might be a new way for seedling production and strain selection of this economically important brown macroalga. |
| Key words: Undaria pinnalifida, Intraspecific crossing, Gametophyte |
