| 摘要: |
| 1996年4月初在青岛近海采铺成熟中国对虾雌虾，观察其在产卵期间的心率变化以及惊扰、温度、光照等条件对其心率的影响。结果表明，成熟雌虾的心率在静态时约为38–75次/min，且与温度呈正相关；在受到惊扰时，心率急剧升至为静态水平的1.5倍，约30min后回落到静态水平；产卵前2–4h,雌虾心率开始逐渐升高，产卵时达到130–150次／min，约为静态心率的2–3倍，产卵后2–4h回落到静态水平。光照刺激对心率的影响与一般性惊扰有相似的结果。此外，夜间心率较白天高一些。 |
| 关键词: 中国对虾 心率 产卵 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家攀登计划B资助项目，PD B－6－2－3号 |
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| STUDIES ON THE HEART RATE AND CORRELATIVE INFLUEDCING FACTORS OF THE MATURE FEMALE SHRIMP, PENAEUS CHINENSIS |
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SUN Xiu-tao, LI Jian, WANG Qng-yin, LIU De-yue
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071
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| Abstract: |
| The heart rate of the mature female shrimp Penaeus chinensis responds to some stimulants, such as water temperature, light and agitation, and can be used to estimate the spawning time of the shrimp. The experiment was conducted in 1995-1996. The mature female shrimp was captured from the Yellow Sea of China, and reared in marine laboratory of Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences. The shrimp was fed with Polychaeta and clams. Sand-filtered seawater was used in the experiment.
The main conclusions about the alteration of heart rate of the mature female shrimp in the spawning season as follows: (1) Under the conditions of no agitation, water temperature 13–16°C and dark, the shrimp was often still on the bottom of rearing tanks and the heart rate varied between 38–75/min in response to temperature changes. When feeding of little swimming it would be 45–75/min, sometimes might reach to over 90/min. (2) The heart rate would rise rapidly to 100–120/min; when the shrimp was captured or agitated strongly, the highest rate was 121±13.6/min in 17°C water. After the agitation, the heart rate declined to the initial level in a period of time, which varied with the strength of the agitation. (3) The temperature has a noticeable effect on heart rate. According to the test for 5 shrimps, the heart rate increased by about 10/min with a rise of 1°C in water temperature within the range of 13–19°C. (4) Light may stimulate the shrimp and raise the heart rate. The heart rate increased from 97/min to 109/min by the action of a 5min lighting with a 500lx project lamp; 30min are required to recover the initial rate. (5) The heart rate of the shrimp has a diurnal circadian. It was higher at night during the day time. The highest rate existed at 0:00-4:00 am. (6) The rate rises 2–3 hours before spawning. The highest rate appears at spawning (130–150/min), and it needs 2–4 hours to decline to the initial level after spawning.
The heart rate of the mature female shrimp is synthetically affected by physiological and ecological factors described above. On the basis of such an observation, a precise foretell of spawning time has been used successfully for the arrangement of the tests. |
| Key words: Penaeus chinensis, Heart rate, Spawning |
