| 摘要: |
| 提出一种监测污染物对大型海藻毒性效应的新方法。该方法仅需将在有害环境中生长或培养的大型海藻置于一封闭的、经0.45μm膜过滤的海水体系中，在一定条件下培养1h（设白、黑二瓶），之后测定白、黑二瓶pH值共计算其差值ΔpH(i)，再同样测定对照组白、黑二瓶pH差值部ΔpH(c)，计算ΔpH(i)/ΔpH(c)，则此计算值即可用来代表相对光合作用速率，并用于评价毒性效应大小。另外，还较详尽地论证了该方法的水化学依据。 |
| 关键词: 光合作用 大型海藻 毒性效应 重金属 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，49206064号 |
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| NEW METHOD FOR EVALUATING TOXICITY OF HEAVY METALS ON MARINE MACROALGAE |
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YU Zhi-gang1, ZHANG Jing1, SHI Feng-yan2, Wu Chao-yuan3
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1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003;2.InstItUte of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, shanghai, 200062;3.Institute of Oceanology, ne Chinese Acadeny of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071
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| Abstract: |
| A new method for evaluating toxicity of heavy metal pollutants to marine macroalgae was developed. According to this method, macroalgae which lived in heavy metal contaminated waters were cultured in 250ml airtight bottle filled with 0.45μm membrane filtrated seawater for 1 hour, then pH of culture medium in light and black bottles were measured. The value ΔpH(i)/ΔpH(c) = (pH(i)light - pH(i)black) / pH(c)light - pH(c)black)(i and c denote experiment and control samples respectively) indicates the approximate relative photosynthetic rate. It can be used to evaluate toxicity of heavy metal pollutants to marine macroalgae. Using this method, the toxicity of Cd2+ (0.0, 0.2, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0mg/L) and Hg2+ (0.0, 0.05, 0.20, 0.50 mg/L) on Ulva pertusa Kjellm were tested and compared with the results obtained from traditional method i.e. the dissolved oxygen method; the results are comparable. It was found that the 96h threshold concentrations of Cd2+ and Hg2+ on the toxicity of Ulva pertusa Kjellm are 0.20-1.00mg/L and 0.05-0.20mg/L, respectively. Using this method, the effect of Cu2+ and its chelators on Enteromorpha linza's growth were also studied. The results shows that Cu2+ has a large effect on the growth of Enteromorpha linza. The growth is inhibited when the concentration of copper ions is higher than 0.20mg/L. The toxicity of copper was changed significantly with the existence of EDTA or 8-hydroxy quinaldine in the culture medium. The chemical speciation is an important factor affecting toxicity of heavy metals. Due to EDTA inhibits while 8-hydroxy quinaldine enhances the absorbance of copper by Enteromorpha linza, so EDTA alleviates the toxicity but 8-hydroxy quinaldine significantly exacerbates copper toxicity to Enteromorpha linza. These results are quite comparable to the results obtained by using weighting method. The aquatic chemistry principle of this method was discussed in detail. |
| Key words: Photosynthesis, Marine macroaglae, Toxicity, Heavy metal |
