| 摘要: |
| 1997年4月自黄海越冬场采集中国对虾朝鲜半岛西海岸群体样品。采用RAPD技术对该群体共33个个体的基因组DNA多态性进行了检测。利用20个随机寡核苷酸引物共检测105个位点，其中多态位点41个，占39％。单个引物获得的标记为1－10个，分子量为180－2200bp。个体间的平均遗传距离为0.093，群体的平均余合度为0.2176。表明该对虾群体的遗传多样性较低。低水平的遗传多样性一方面使中国对虾的生存情况更加危险，同时其本身也可能是对虾对病害、恶劣环境等不利因素的抵抗力下降，从而导致资源衰退的原因之一。研究结果证实：在检测种群遗传变异度大小方面，RAPD具有比同工酶更高的灵敏度和分辨率。 |
| 关键词: 中国对虾 RAPD 遗传多样性 多态位点 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目，39630260号 |
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| GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS ON PENAEUS CHINENSIS BY RAPD—THE DNA POLYMORPHISM OF WESTERN COASTAL POPULATION OF KOREAN PENINSULAR |
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SHI Tuo1, KONG Jie1, LIU Ping1, HAN Ling-ling2, ZHUAN Zhi-meng1, DENG Jing-yao1
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1.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao, 266071;2.College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266003
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| Abstract: |
| Specimen of Penaeid shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) of the wild population in the western coastal waters of Korean Peninsular were collected in April 1997 from the overwintering waters in Yellow Sea (34°45′ N, 124°45′ E). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed to detect the genetic variation of 33 individuals from the population. The reactions were performed by 45 cycles of 94°C denaturation for 1 min, 36°C annealing for 1 min and 72°C polymerization for 2 min complete extension was done by 72°C for 10 min. Each primer used for the detection could produce 1–10 molecular markers. Amplification with 20 primers produced 105 distinctive and reproducible fingerprints varying in length from 180–2200bp, 41 of which were polymorphic and the proportion of polymorphic loci was 39%. The amplified fragments were scored as present (1) or absent (0) for each DNA sample and an index of degree of band sharing (F) was calculated by using Nei and Li's matching coefficient method. The average genetic distance (1–F) and mean heterozygosity (Fe) used to evaluate population genetic structure were 0.093 and 0.2176, respectively, indicating a low genetic diversity in wild Korean Peninsula population of P. chinensis. Lack of genetic diversity not only challenged the existence fate of P. chinensis, but also was one of the reasons of why P. chinensis had low resistance against disease and adverse environment. Furthermore, on the basis of the experiment RAPD had higher sensitivity and resolution than allozyme as far as examining genetic variations in natural populations is concerned. |
| Key words: Penaeus chinensis, RAPD, Genetic diversity, Polymorphic loci |
