| 摘要: |
| 根据1988年东太平洋海盆多金属结核资源调查取得的结核样品和资料,利用X-射线衍射、红外光谱、XPS光电能谱和扫描电镜等分析方法，对结核核心和壳层(层纹构造区与斑杂构造区)的矿物组成及元素赋存特征进行了对比研究。结果表明:(1)核心主要由粘土矿物组成，只含少量结晶差的锰铁矿物。壳层以锰铁矿物为主，层纹构造区的锰相矿物主要为δ-MnO2；斑杂构造区的锰相矿物则为结晶稍好的钠水锰矿和δ-MnO2。(2)结核金属元素主要以氧化物态存在，Mn主要是MnO和MnO2，Fe主要是Fe3O4和Fe3O2，Ni可能以NiO和NiO2为主。(3)结核成矿作用以高价锰铁的氧化物胶体微粒的物理吸附作用为主，并受其物理化学和生物作用的影响。(4)结核矿物的结晶程度主要由重结晶等后期成岩作用所决定。 |
| 关键词: 东太平洋 多金属结核 矿物组成 元素赋存状态 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz200004013013 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:大洋矿产资源研究开发课题，DY85-02-02-01号 |
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| MINERAL COMPOSITION AND OCCURRENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMETALLIC NODULE IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN |
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FANG Yin-xia, JIN Xiang-long
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Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou310012
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| Abstract: |
| Based upon the nodule specimen obtained during the polymetallic nodule resource survey of the eastern Pacific Ocean in 1988 and its information, this paper used modem techniques such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectrum and scanning electron microscope, analysed the mineral composition and element occurrence characteristics of the nodule’s core, laminar part and taxitic part. The results show that: (1) The nodule’s core almost consists of clay minerals, only contains a few manganese–iron minerals of low crystallinity. The crust is composed predominantly of manganese–iron minerals. The laminar part mainly consists of δ-MnO2. The taxitic part consists of δ-MnO2 and birnessite which has higher crystallinity. (2) The main metal elements in the nodule exist almost under the oxide condition, such as Mn appears as MnO and MnO2, Fe appears as Fe3O4 and Fe3O2, Ni possibly appears as NiO and NiO2. (3) The main formation of the nodule is mainly controlled by physical absorption of the high valent Mn and Fe oxide/hydroxide colloids, and the influence of the physical chemistry and biology functions. (4) The crystallinity of the manganese-iron minerals is mainly controlled by the recrystallization and other petrogenetic functions during the long growth process. |
| Key words: The eastern Pacific Ocean, Polymetallic nodule, Mineral composition, Element occurrence condition |
