| 摘要: |
| 1998—2000年采用细胞松弛素B(CB)、秋水仙素、6-二甲基氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP)以及咖啡因等药物抑制虾夷扇贝第一极体(PB1)释放、PB1和第二极体(PB2)释放以及抑制第一次卵裂等方法,诱导虾夷扇贝四倍体。结果表明,CB、6-DMAP和秋水仙素抑制扇贝第一次卵裂诱发四倍体的比例低于25%;采用CB抑制PB1可有效地诱导产生四倍体,从授精后42min提前到15—22min开始处理,抑制PB1的放出有助于提高四倍体的比例,在12℃,处理开始和终止时间分别在授精后20—22min和62—67min时(即PB2始出现时),面盘幼虫四倍体率最高,为56.5%。采用CB和咖啡因共同抑制PB1放出,未见四倍体比例有升高现象。四倍体处理组发育至面盘幼虫时间比对照组晚48h左右,处理组在受精后10d时水中仍有少量浮游的、染色体数目在21—28条之间的非整倍体畸形担轮幼虫。
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| 关键词: 虾夷扇贝,化学药物,四倍体,面盘幼虫 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz200201016016 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划项目,G1999012009号 |
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| TETRAPLOID INDUCTION IN PATINOPECTEN YESSOENSIS WITH CHEMICALS |
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CHANG Ya-Qing1, XIANG Jian-Hai1, WANG Zi-Chen2, DING Jun2, YANG Chuan-Gang2
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1.Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory,Institute of Oceanology,The Chinese Academy of Science;2.Key Laboratory of Maricultural Ecology of Agriculture,Dalian Fisheries University
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| Abstract: |
| The scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) were released and cultured in north China sea transplanted from Japan since 1980. Tetraploid veliger were carried out with four chemicals on this scallop in 1998—2000. Tetraploid were induced by inhibition of the polar body and first mitosis with cytochalasin B(CB), colchicine, 6-DMAP and caffeine combined with CB, respectively. It indicated that the yield of tetraploidy not more than 25% induced by inhibiting the first mitosis with CB, colchicine and 6-DMAP, respectively, while it can be induced with higher percentage by blocking PB1releasing with CB. The tetraploidy percentage of groups shock began at 15—22min after fertilization are higher than that shock began at 42min, and the yield of tetraploidy also increased with the CB density and time lasting. The highest tetraploid percentage at veliger larvae stage is 56.5%, shocked wit CB after 20—22 to 62—67 minutes after fertilization at 12℃. Development speed of shocked group embryo were 48 hours later than control to veliger, there are a lot of trochophore in shocked groups after fertilization which chromosome are 21—28.
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| Key words: Patinopecten yessoensis, Chemicals, Tetraploid, Veliger |
