| 摘要: |
| 采用单因素方差分析等方法,进行不同VE含量的饲料投喂试验研究,以观察其对红螯螯虾繁殖性能的影响。结果表明,红螯螯虾雌虾增重率、性腺指数、单个虾抱卵卵重、单个虾抱卵数量、单个卵卵重及孵化率均以饲料3组最高,以上指标分别为(30.42±1.55)%、6.55±1.10、(2.86±0.11)g、(563±18)ind、(5.08±0.09)mg/ind和(45.53±3.88)%。各组受精卵中,必需氨基酸的总量、总脂的湿重和干重也以饲料3组最高,分别为(37.23±0.0207)%、(18.55±1.14)%和(31.69±1.04)%。无论中性脂还是磷脂中,各组受精卵的脂肪酸组成基本相同,均以C16∶0、C16∶1、C18∶1ω9和C18∶2ω6为主;另饲料3组中C20∶4的含量较低,而C20∶5ω3和C22∶6ω3的含量较高。说明饲料中VE含量为(0.0192±0.0023)%时可明显提高红螯螯虾的繁殖性能。VE主要是通过提高红螯螯虾受精卵的质量,而进一步提高胚胎发育的成活率和孵化率。 |
| 关键词: 红螯螯虾 维生素E 繁殖性能 受精卵 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:上海市教委曙光计划资助,01SG24号;国家自然科学基金项目资助,30270161号;国家农业科技成果转化资金资助,02EFN21330026号。 |
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| EFFECTS OF DIETARY VITAMIN E ON REPRODUCTION OF REDCLAW CRAYFISH CHERAX QUADRICARINATUS |
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LUO Wen1,2, WANG Qun1, ZHAO Yun-Long1, GU Zhi-Min3, MI Guo-Qiang3, HUANG Xian-Ming3, LIU Qi-Wen3
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1.School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062;2.Department of Biology, Shaoxing College of Arts and Sciences, Shaoxing, 312000;3.Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Zhejiang Province, Huzhou, 313001
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| Abstract: |
| In this paper, the effects of dietary vitamin E on the reproduction of redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus and accumulation of common biochemical components in the fertilized eggs were analyzed using single factor analysis of variance and other methods. Samples were taken at average weight of (72.41±5.32) g for females and (80.73±6.68) g for males. All samples were divided into six groups with group 0 as the control and groups 1–5 as the samples. Each group contains 30 females and 15 males chosen randomly. The experiment was conducted from September 2002 to March 2003. The amount of average vitamin E input was 0.0085% for the control and 0.0101%, 0.0150%, 0.0192% , 0.0217%, 0.0276% in average for the groups 1 to 5 respectively. Results showed that the survival rate (about 87.67%) in groups 1, 2 and 5 were slightly higher than those in other groups. The one-month period spawning rate had no significant difference among each groups. All the curves of weight gain rate of the female, gonadosomatic index, total weight of eggs per female, average spawning number, average weight of individual eggs per female and hatching rate were bell-shaped curves for groups 0–5. Group 3 had the greatest values in two month period spawning rate (84.00%), weight gain rate (30.42%), gonadosomatic index (6.55), total weight of eggs per female (2.86g), average spawning number (563 ind.), average weight of individual eggs (5.08mg), and hatching rate (45.53%), whereas the hepatopancrea somatic index was the lowest for group 3. Gross weight of essential and non-essential amino acids (dry weight) in the fertilized eggs of each group increased firstly and then decreased from groups 0–5. The crayfishes of group 3 showed the greatest gross weight of essential amino acids in the fertilized eggs, which was 37.23%, whereas the maximum gross weight of non-essential amino acids, 31.46%, was found in group 4. The contents of leucine and arginine in essential amino acids and the content of glutamine in nonessential amino acids, were significantly increased in group 3. Total lipids of the fertilized eggs (dry weight and wet weight) also increased firstly and then decreased. The lipid contents in dried and fresh fertilized eggs of crayfishes in group 3 were 18.55% and 31.69% respectively, which are the highest among all the groups. There was no significant difference in content percentage of neutral lipids and phospholipids in total lipids between all the groups. The content of neutral lipids was as about twice as that of phospholipids. The main fatty acids that make up both neutral lipids and phospholipids of the fertilized eggs were C18:1ω9, C18:2ω6, C16:0 and C16:1. Content of C20:4 was lower in group 3, and the contents of C20:5ω3 and C22:6ω3 in group 3 were higher than those in other groups. The results indicated that the excessive vitamin E would be harmful to redclaw crayfish and the optimal content of vitamin E was 0.0192%. Vitamin E could protect C20:5ω3 and C22:6ω3 from oxidizing, improved the accumulation of important amino acids and fatty acids in fertilized eggs. C20:5ω3 and C22:6ω3 were necessary to the development of nervous system, and glutamine, leucine, arginine were important for the metabolism of redclaw crayfish. From above results, it is concluded that appropriate amount of vitamin E in diet can significantly improve the reproduction of redclaw crayfish via improving the quality of their fertilized eggs. |
| Key words: Redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, Vitamin E, Reproduction, Fertilized egg |
