| 摘要: |
| 根据1998—1999和2000—2004年在胶州湾10个大面观测站考察采集的大型底栖动物定量样品,利用Brey(1990)的经验公式进行了大型底栖动物栖息丰度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值的研究计算,其中,平均栖息丰度在1998—1999年为381.7ind/m2,2000—2004年为304.6ind/m2;平均生物量以去灰干重计,1998—1999年为22.22g/m2,2000—2004年为16.30g/m2;平均次级生产力以去灰干重计,1998—1999年为18.65 g/(m2*a),2000—2004年为3.41g/(m2*a); P/B值在两个时间段均为1.05a-1。结果表明,胶州湾大型底栖动物次级生产力由湾口—湾北部的湾顶呈梯度升高,2000—2004年次级生产力较1998—1999年有所下降,湾顶的高分布区下降更为明显,且高分布中心向西偏移,而大型底栖动物群落的物种组成基本保持稳定。文中分析了次级生产力下降和偏移的原因。通过比较,发现胶州湾大型底栖动物次级生产力高于渤海,远高于南黄海和东海,验证了次级生产力受水深的影响,随水深加大而降低; P/B值较渤海高,较东海低, 与南黄海大部分海域平均值接近, 验证了P/B值随水温升高而升高,也说明了胶州湾大型底栖动物群落中个体小、生活史短、代谢快的种类所占的比例高于渤海,低于东海,与南黄海其它水域近似。 |
| 关键词: 次级生产力 P/B值 生物量 丰度 大型底栖动物 胶州湾 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新项目,KZCX3-SW-214号 |
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| HE SECONDARY PRODUCTION OF MACROBENTHOS IN JIAOZHOU BAY,SHANDONG |
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LI Xin-Zheng, WANG Hong-Fa, ZHANG Bao-Lin
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Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,266071
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the macrobenthos samples of taken in 10 stations in the Jiaozhou Bay from 1998 to 1999 and from 2000 to 2004, the knowledge of biomass and abundance of macrobenthos was obtained. Using Brey’s (1990) empirical formula, we calculated the secondary production and P/B ratio with the result that the mean abundance was 381.7ind/m2 from 1998–1999 and 304.6ind/m2 from 2000–2004; the mean biomass in AFDW (ash-free dry weight) was 22.22g/m2 from 1998–1999 and 16.30g/m2 from 2000–2004; the mean secondary production in the bay in AFDW was 18.65 g/(m2*a) from 1998–1999 and 13.41g/(m2*a) from 2000–2004; the mean P/B ratio was the same at 1.05a-1 for both periods of 1998–1999 and 2000–2004. The distributions of secondary production increased gradually from outside open sea, to the bay mouth, and to the northern bay during the two periods of study. The mean secondary production during 2000–2004 was lower than that during 1998–1999; a high value center during 1998–1999 was in central northern part of the bay near Hongdao, and the center during 2000–2004 was in the northwestern part of the bay near Dagu River estuary and Hongshiya. Highway construction and engineering around the bay and busy activities in the wharf in Cangkou area, resulting in disappearing of large area of ecotope in mud flat at Licun River mouth in northeastern part of the bay, which should be the main reason causing the high distribution center of the secondary product ion shifted from central northern bay to the northwestern bay. Human activity-related pollutions from households and industries around the bay, marine culture, and the dry-out of incoming rivers to the bay should be responsible for the decline of the secondary production during 1998 to 2004. The secondary productions of macrobenthos in the Jiaozhou Bay in both 1998–1999 and 2000–2004 were higher than that in the Bohai Gulf reported in 2001, much higher than those in southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. This result confirms the hypothesis that the secondary production is affected by water depth, and decreased exponentially as water depth increases. The P/B ratio of the macrobenthos in the Jiaozhou Bay was higher than that in the Bohai Gulf, lower than that in the East China Sea, close to that in southern Yellow Sea, which shows that the species in small body size, short life, and quick metabolism occupy more proportion of the macrobenthic community of the Jiaozhou Bay than that of the Bohai Gulf, but less proportion than that of the East China Sea, and similar to that of the Yellow Sea. It was confirmed that P/B ratio increased exponentially with water temperature. The P/B ratio at 1.05a-1 shows that the mean life history of macrobenthos in the Jiaozhou Bay is about 1 generation in 1 year. |
| Key words: Secondary production, P/B ratio, Biomass, Abundance, Macrobenthos, Jiaozhou Bay |
