摘要: |
在实验室条件下,通过特定感官消除或抑制方法和特定感官刺激方法对半滑舌鳎摄食行为反应机制进行了研究。结果表明,半滑舌鳎主要依靠侧线摄食,其侧线主要对猎物的低频振动起反应;嗅觉起辅助作用,头部各边缘部位和躯干中上部各鳍具有部分作用;视觉在捕食中的作用不大,味觉在食物吞咽过程中起很大作用。由于半滑舌鳎主要利用侧线捕食猎物,嗅觉起辅助作用,在人工养殖条件下,应根据其摄食生理特点,设计投喂饲料,制定投喂策略。 |
关键词: 半滑舌鳎 摄食行为 特定感觉器官 |
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基金项目:国家“863”项目资助,2005AA603110号;青岛市自然科学基金资助项目,05-2-JC-59号 |
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STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP OF THE SPECIAL SENSE ORGAN AND FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF CYNOGLOSS US SEMILAEVIS GUNTER |
MA Ai-Jun1, WANG Xin-An1,2, ZHUANG Zhi-Meng1, LIU Xue-Zhou1
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1.Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071;2.Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003
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Abstract: |
Cynoglossus semilaevis Gunter, a flat fish deep water species, is a high-nutrition and economic valued species and currently cultured widely in China. Since its special behavior of crawling-and-preying at night, problems have occurred in artificial feeding performance causing low feeding, slow growth, and even death. For solutions to the problems, we conducted a lab research into the senses-for-food by the fish in a local company in Laizhou, Shandong of China between November 2005-January, 2006. Our experimental strategy was to disable/enable certain sense organs of the fish in combination using visual, mechanical and chemical stimuli under laboratory conditions, to see which organs and how they sense for food. The organs included eyes, lateral line and nose. The methods of the disable/enable treatments were presented.
When one or two eyes and nostrils were blocked, the fish could still feed as normal, indicating that the vision and olfaction do not function in prey for the fish as the organs have been degenerated as it has fully adopted habituating dark and bottom water. However, its lateral lines have been developed with strong sensing. Once the lateral lines were disabled, its daily feeding was largely reduced. In addition, our study shows that the combination effect of nostrils-and-lateral-line blocking was remarkably greater than that of eyes-and-lateral-lines blocking, indicating its importance of sense is in order of tactility, olfaction, and vision. Moreover, when all the three senses were disabled, C. semilaevis could still feed partly, a possible explanation for that is the tactile function by fins and head.
Blinded C. semilaevis could attack various types of preys and artificial preys in low movement, and also still and fresh dead clam. The moving frequency affected the feeding very weakly, and the attacking for moving and fresh dead clam was quite often. The taste sense of the fish is highly developed, allowing the fish to snap and swallow fresh clam but rotten clam or plastic globule. Seemingly, the oral cavity is more sensitive to taste than to texture.
It is shown that C. semilaevis attacks mainly its preys by lateral line sensing. When the lateral lines were working, the olfaction co-works, depending partially on the feeling by fins and head. The taste sense is used when snap and swallow. The lateral lines play effective role on preying, which may explain why C. semilaevis feed artificial diets unwillingly that supplied in normal schemes. |
Key words: Cynoglossus semilaevis Gunter, Feeding behavior, special sense organs |