| 摘要: |
| 采用1999年6-8月间在东海(26°30′-32°30′N、121°00′-128°00′E)的日本鲭和鱼卵仔鱼综合调查资料,对鱼卵仔鱼的数量分布的生态特征进行分析,并就平面分布与水文环境的关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明,鱼卵分布范围较仔鱼要大,高值区主要出现在南部近海的鱼外渔场,鱼仔鱼则在近海的长江口外渔场分布较多。日本鲭仔鱼的摄食对水温盐度的要求较亲鱼产卵的水文环境要严格许多,鱼产卵受水温和盐度的影响控制较仔鱼的育肥更为显著。两种鱼卵仔鱼数量平面分布状况与黄海冷水、江浙沿岸流、台湾暖流以及黑潮在本区运动消长而产生的温、盐变化存在着密切关系,日本鲭和鱼的鱼卵数量随着浮游动物丰度减少而逐渐增加,鱼仔鱼的数量则随着浮游动物丰度的增加而增加,浮游生物饵料生物的变动对鱼卵仔鱼的分布也有一定的影响。 |
| 关键词: 东海 鱼卵仔鱼 数量分布 水文环境 浮游动物 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家海洋勘探专项项目,HY126-02-03-06号 |
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| SUMMER DISTRIBUTIONS OF EGGS AND LARVAE OF SCOMBER JAPONICUS AND ENGRAULIS JAPONICUS IN THE EAST CHINA SEA |
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JIANG Mei, WANG Yun-Long
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East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090
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| Abstract: |
| The East China Sea is an important area of fishery resource in China. As demersal fish supply has been constantly declined in recent years, pelagic fishery resources have become a main exploitation field using purse seines. Scomber japonicus and Engraulis japonicus are two major pelagic species with increasing importance in the industry. As the fish eggs and larvae are recruitment populations of the resource, quantitatively studying the distribution is no doubt a key to locate the areas for nursing and fishing operations. For this purpose, a marine survey was carried out in the East China Sea (26°30′ - 32°30′ N, 121°00′ - 128°00′ E) in June to October 1999. Using field measurement data, the authors analyzed quantitatively the distribution of eggs and larvae of these two species and the relationship to local hydrological factors. With the 29°N line, the area of distribution of eggs of S. japonicus can be divided into a larger northern part and a smaller southern part. The larvae of them occurred outside of the Zhoushan Fishing Ground and Yuwai Fishing Ground of eastern marine China in much smaller areas than that of the eggs. For E. japonicus, the amount of their eggs are much greater in offshore Zone than that of the outer sea; their larvae distributed in the whole survey region except in southern offshore. The distribution patterns of eggs and larvae of the two fish species are closely related to the movements of the Yellow Sea cold water, Jiangsu-Zhejiang offshore current, Taiwan warm current, the Kuroshio Current, Korea warm current, and river runoffs. Stepwised regression analysis on the relationship between the quantity and the environmental factors revealed that water temperature and salinity affected the survival, breeding, and nurture to some extents. For S. japonicus, the larvae were more susceptible than eggs by temperature and salinity. For E. japonicus, spawning were more remarkably affected than feeding by temperature and salinity. Moreover, the distributions of fish eggs were negatively related to that of Zooplankton biomass, but positively for the larvae. This is because the larvae feed on Zooplankton, mainly copepod. Abundant Zooplankton would benefit the larvae development. |
| Key words: The East China Sea, Fish eggs and larvae, Quantity distribution, Hydrological factors, Zooplankton |
