| 摘要: |
| 采用巢式设计和人工控制授精方法构建了 19 个半同胞和 41 个全同胞泥蚶家系, 研究了泥蚶各发育阶段生长性状遗传力及性状间遗传相关和表型相关。结果表明, 泥蚶家系间各个阶段生长性状均存在一定变异, 总体表现生长早期家系间变异较大, 发育至后期家系间变异明显降低。 在遗传力参数上, 表现为体尺性状遗传力大于体重性状, 如 11 月龄壳长、壳高、壳宽遗传力分别为 0.298、0.313和 0.257, 而湿重遗传力仅为 0.138; 在体尺性状中, 则表现为壳长、 壳高的遗传力高于壳宽, 如4 月龄壳长、壳高遗传力分别达到 0.378 和 0.357, 而壳宽为 0.312。各性状之间表型相关和遗传相关分析表明, 不同发育阶段各性状表型相关系数都达到了极显著水平, 而在遗传相关上, 早期稚贝遗传相关系数均达极显著水平, 发育至后期遗传相关系数变小。
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| 关键词: 泥蚶, 生长性状, 遗传力, 遗传相关 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201006017017 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“863”计划课题, 2006AA10A410 号; 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助, nycytx-47 号; 温州市科技兴海重大项目, S20080019 号 |
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| ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS OF MAJOR ECONOMIC TRAITS IN BLOOD CLAM TEGILLARCA GRANOSA |
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SUN Chang-Sen1, LIN Zhi-Hua2, DONG Ying-Hui2, XIAO Guo-Qiang3, CHAI Xue-Liang3
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1.School of Life Science, Taizhou University;2.College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University;3.Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute
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| Abstract: |
| A certain number of blood clams (Tegillarca granosa) with different genetic characteristics were taken as parents to construct 19 half-sib families and 41full-sib families (each male to 2—3 females) by the method of nest design and artificial insemination technique. Every family was separately bred up under the same feeding condition. Body size and wet weight of each family were measured at different developmental phases. Based on quantitative genetics theories and parental half-sib correlation analysis, heritability of each growth traits, genetic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were statistically studied. The results showed that there were certain variances of growth traits among established families, and the primitive variances among families were larger on a whole. The heritabilities of body size were higher than that of body weight in general. For 11 month-old juvenile clams, the heritabilities of shell length, shell height and shell width were 0.298, 0.313, and 0.257, respectively; and that of wet weight was only 0.138. Of the three body size measurements, heritabilities of shell length and shell height were greater than that of shell width. For 4 month-old juvenile clams, the heritabilities of shell length and shell height were 0.378 and 0.357, respectively, and that of shell width was only 0.312. For 14 month-old juvenile clams, the values were 0.305 and 0.356, respectively, for shell length and shell height; but only 0.291 for shell width. These data revealed that body size traits were better selection criteria than body weight; and more obvious genetic improvements could be obtained for the blood clam by breeding selection according to shell length and shell height. The statistical results showed all phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients at early periods were significant, and the genetic correlation coefficients decreased with development. The statistic values among partial traits were not significant between 11 and 14 month-old blood clams, which indicated mixed population selection was less efficient and it is necessary to construct families with different genetic background. Better genetic advances could be obtained by systemic breeding selection at the level of families. Besides, during the course of blood clam development, environmental influences on their growth were multiplied, early selection for juvenile clam may be more efficient.
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| Key words: Tegillarca granosa, Growth trait, Heritability, Genetic correlation |
