| 摘要: |
| 运用3S技术对最近40年来荣成湾沿岸土地覆被动态变化及驱动力进行研究。 结果表明, 该区海岸湿地土地覆被总面积和陆域土地覆被总面积变化不大, 但其各自类型结构和分布均发生了显著调整, 而且二者变化在时间上不同步。从面积上讲, 前者以 1981 年为界, 潟湖和沙地先减少后波动增加, 滩涂和沼泽地先增加后波动减少; 养殖池从无到有并迅速增加, 但 1999 年后又有所减少。后者以1989年为界, 林地先减少后波动增加, 耕地与园地的总和先略有增加后波动减少; 近40年来建设及交通用地一直呈增加趋势。从分布上讲, 月湖的变化可分为三个阶段：1969—1981 潟 年湖水面大量转化为滩涂; 1989—1999 年西北、 东南部分滩涂转化为养殖池; 2001—2009 年东南部养殖池消失, 且北部滩涂已演变为离岸沙洲, 东南部滩涂亦有此趋势。 增加的建设及交通用地主要集中在月湖以西的成山镇附近和以东的沿海地区。林地与耕地及园地的转化主要分布在月湖以西、以北部分地区。陆域覆被变化的驱动力主要是农业产业结构调整和区域经济发展, 而海岸湿地覆被变化的驱动力则主要是人类对海岸资源的直接开发利用。结果显示, 最近 40 年来荣成湾沿岸陆域土地覆被变化与同期海岸湿地土地覆被变化关系不显著。
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| 关键词: 荣成湾, 土地覆被, 海岸湿地, 3S, 驱动力 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201101003003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目, 41071011 号; 教育部重点项目, 210122 号; 山东省自然科学基金重点项目, Z2008E03 号、Z2003E01号; 山东省高等学校科技计划项目, J09LE07号; 烟台市科技攻关项目, 2008323号 |
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| RESEARCH ON LAND COVER CHANGES AND DRIVING FORCES ALONGSHORE THE RONGCHENG BAY BASED ON 3S |
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ZHANG Ming-Ming1, WANG Qing1, LI Xi-Guo2, LIU Ya-Long1, YI Hua-Peng1, DI Xiang-Hong1, SUN Yun-Hua1, TIAN Qing1
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1.Coast Institute of Ludong University;2.Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau
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| Abstract: |
| The technologies of 3S have been used to reveal the changes and driving forces of land cover alongshore the Rongcheng Bay for the last 40 years. The results show the total area of coastal wetland and terrestrial land cover have almost remained the same, however, structures and distributions of each of their components changed prominently. The changes of coastal wetland and terrestrial land cover are not in the same pace. Before 1981, the area of both lagoon and dene decreased and that of the shoal and swampland increased. After 1981, lagoon and dene area increased and shoal and swampland decreased. The area of shrimp pond increased rapidly between 1969 to 1981, but decreased after 1999. Before 1989, the area of woodland decreased and the areas of farmland and garden plot increased. However, after 1989 woodland area increased and farmland and garden plot decreased. For the past 40 years, area used for building different structures and highway increases continuously. The changes of Yuehu are divided into three stages as follows: 1) during 1969 to 1981 the land cover of lagoon water turned to shoal; 2) from 1989 to 1999 some of the shoal in the northwest and southeast turned to shrimp pond; 3) during 2001 to 2009 the shrimp pond in the southeast of Yuehu disappeared and the shoal in the north evolved into offshore bar which is also the trend of the shoal in the southeast. Most of the buildings and highways are distributed nearby the Chengshan Town and the foreland. Woodland, farmland and garden plot migrated to the west and north of Yuehu. The driving forces of the changes of terrestrial land cover are economic development and agricultural structure adjustment, while changes of coastal wetland cover is the exploitation of coastal resources. In the same period, changes of terrestrial land cover have no directly effect on coastal wetland cover.
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| Key words: gcheng Bay, Land cover, Coastal wetland, 3S(RS, GPS and GIS), Driving forces |
