| 摘要: |
| 依据2011年4月、7月和11月象山港水域桁杆拖网和单拖网渔业资源定点调查资料, 对象山港水域游泳动物群落的功能群组成及功能群多样性特征进行了系统研究。依据摄食习性, 本文将调查海域所出现的96种游泳动物划分为7个功能群，其中底栖动物/游泳动物食性、游泳动物食性、底栖动物食性和腐屑食性功能群是该水域的优势功能群。相似性分析检验结果显示: 不同季节象山港游泳动物群落的功能群结构保持相对稳定, 不存在显著性季节差异。4月、7月和11月该水域游泳动物群落的功能群多样性均值分别为1.303、1.261和1.185, 亦未呈现显著性季节差异。功能群多样性指数与大个体生物(体重大于50g)的总重量资源密度显著正相关; 功能群多样性与物种多样性的关系可用斜率为0.463、截距为0.266的线性方程进行描述, 这表明该水域物种多样性的大量丧失可能将引起功能群多样性的降低。象山港水域部分功能群所含物种数明显偏少, 冗余度较低, 在强大的外界干扰下, 某些重要物种的衰退可能将使该水域功能群多样性显著降低。 |
| 关键词: 象山港, 游泳动物群落, 功能群, 功能群多样性, 物种冗余 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20120917001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目, 201003068号; 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所), 2011T08号。 |
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| FUNCTIONAL GROUP COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSTIY OF NEKTON COMMUNITY IN THE XIANGSHAN BAY |
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Jiang Yazhou,Lin Nan,Yuan Xingwei,Jiao Haifeng and Li Shengfa
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East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Functional group, a group of species that exploit the same class of environmental resources in a similar way, has been more recently utilized to simplify the structure and dynamics of nekton community and examine the flow of the energy and biomass within food webs. Based on the data collected from beam-trawl and single-trawl surveys conducted in April, July and November of 2011, the functional group composition and functional diversity of the nekton community in the Xiangshan Bay were analyzed. A total of seven functional groups were identified within this system, which were based upon feeding habit. They are planktivores, planktivores/benthivores, benthivores, benthivores/piscivores, omnivores, piscivores, and detritivores, respectively. Analysis of similarities revealed that there was no significant seasonal difference in the structure of nekton community at the functional group level. Benthivores/piscivores, benthivores, piscivores, and detritivores were dominant in the nekton community in terms of biomass. The functional diversity in the Xiangshan Bay was 1.303 in April, 1.261 in July and 1.185 in November, respectively, which did not show a significant difference among different months. We found a strong positive relationship between functional diversity and total biomass of these individuals whose body weights were above 50g. The relationship between species and functional diversity could be well explained by linear regression, whose slope and intercept were 0.463 and 0.266, respectively. In the study, a low level of functional redundancy, which was mainly represented by the small number of species in some given functional groups, was also observed. Under the intensive human-induced disturbance, some commercially important species might locally extinct, which might further lead to removal of a whole functional group from the study area and irreversible degradation of ecosystem functions. |
| Key words: Xiangshan Bay, nekton community, functional group, functional diversity, species redundancy |
