| 摘要: |
| 以不同时期测量和成像的地形图和高分辨率遥感影像为数据源, 综合使用野外调查、遥感(RS)、全球定位系统(GPS)和地理信息系统(GIS)等方法, 对最近50 多年来莱州湾东部砂岸典型岸段(界河口—刁龙嘴)的土地利用变化进行研究。结果表明, 最近50 多年来, 莱州湾东部海岸土地利用/土地覆被变化显著, 土地利用类型转化的总趋势是风沙地、林地、耕地向养殖池及居民地转化。从20 世纪90 年代初以来, 该岸段潮上带风沙地大部分已为养殖池(塘、大棚)等所覆盖, 在沿海防护林和海域之间新出现了一条平行于岸线、基本连续展布的水产养殖设施带, 其外侧建有高出当地最高潮位的防浪堤。潮上带土地覆被的如此深刻变化, 必然深刻地改变风暴潮作用时的水动力边界条件,导致风暴潮作用过程中沿水下岸坡—海滩—潮上带方向的能量分布发生调整, 进一步会对海岸地貌及冲淤发生的范围、强度、性质和形式等带来变化。因此, 大面积的潮上带土地利用可能是莱州湾东部砂岸, 最近30 年来海岸地貌冲淤演变的重要影响因素之一, 这为今后深入研究并预测该段海岸地貌冲淤变化提供了新的视角。 |
| 关键词: 莱州湾东部 潮上带 土地利用/土地覆被变化 温带季风砂岸 工厂化水产养殖设施 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20140900245 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目,41271016号,41471005号;山东省高等学校科技计划项目,J14LH02号。 |
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| CHANGES IN LAND-USE OF THE SUPRATIDAL ZONE OF TYPICAL SANDY COAST ALONG EASTERN LAIZHOU BAY IN RECENT 50 YEARS |
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ZHONG Shao-Yun, WANG Qing, ZHAN Chao, LI Xue-Yan, WANG Xin
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Coast Institute, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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| Abstract: |
| To study the changes in land-use of sand coastal zones from Jiehe River estuary to Diaolongzui Spit in the eastern Laizhou Bay in recent 50 years, we analyzed large-scale topographic maps and high-resolution remote sensing images in different years in combination with field observation, global position system (GPS), and geographical information system (GIS). The results show that the land-use change in the study area is remarkable. Local land-use had caused transition from aeolian sandy land, woodland, and farmland to mariculture fields and residential base. Most of the aeolian sandy land has been covered by mariculture pools and agricultural greenhouse since early 1990s and became a mariculture zone along coastline, beyond which is breakwater against storm surge. These changes affected naturally the supratidal zone, and had the underwater beach and offshore slope strengthened, which was probably the main reason for sandy coast erosion along the eastern Laizhou Bay in recent 30 years. |
| Key words: eastern Laizhou Bay supratidal zone land-use change temperate monsoon sandy coast mariculture facilities |
