| 摘要: |
| 利用中国(C)、日本(J)和韩国(K)3 个长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)第四(F4)代选育群体, 采用完全双列杂交方式构建建立了3 个自交群体、3 个正交群体和3 个反交群体。结果表明, 各交配组合在180 日龄、360 日龄和450 日龄生长优势差异显著(P<0.05); 在不同生长阶段各组合的生长性能、一般配合力值、特殊配合力值和杂种优势效能值各不相同。杂交组合C♂K♀、J♂C♀和K♂J♀分别在180 日龄、360 日龄和450 日龄表现出较大的生长优势, 而自交组合K♂K♀在各个生长阶段均表现出生长劣势。中国F4 代选育群体父母本一般配合力效应值均表现为非负值, 而韩国F4 代选育群体父母本一般配合力效应值均表现为非正值。杂交组合的特殊配合力效应值在不同生长阶段表现不一致,但与生长优势效能值基本相符。实验结果表明, 多数杂交子代在生长性状上存在一定程度的杂种优势, 可进行规模化商业推广应用; 中国F4 代选育群体作为杂交候选父母本时, 具有高的可稳定遗传给子代的加性效应值。利用群体选育建立配套系, 对不同选育群体进行杂交育种是培育长牡蛎优良新品系的有效方法。 |
| 关键词: 长牡蛎 完全双列杂交 生长性状 杂种优势 配合力 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz20141100314 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目, 31402298 号; 山东省农业良种工程项目——大宗经济贝类新品种选育及应用; 黄河三角洲学者——海洋生物遗传育种岗位。 |
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| ANALYSIS OF GROWTH TRAIT OF PACIFIC OYSTER CRASSOSTREA GIGAS USING COMPLETE DIALLEL CROSS FROM THREE SELECTIVE BREEDING STRAINS |
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WANG Wei-Jun1,2, LI Qi1, YANG Jian-Min2, LI Bin2, ZHANG Rong-Liang2
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1.Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2.Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
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| Abstract: |
| Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a major global aquaculture species, ranking first in production among all other aquaculture species. However, dressing percentage and flesh quality declined recent years, becoming a major problem in oyster culture industry. Genetic improvement of the species is urgent. In this study, inter strain hybridization was carried out using three strains (China, C; Japan J; and Korea, K) of C. gigas, and they were successively mass selected for four generation (F4) from three culture stocks of China, Japan and Korea. All 9 possible reciprocal strain crosses and pure strains were produced in a complete diallel cross design. The results show that growth performance is significant different in different mating groups on 180, 330, and 450 d (P<0.05, n=950). Growth performance, general combining ability (GCA), special combining ability (SCA), and heterosis potence are not identical in different growth stages. The best growth performance groups are C♂K♀, J♂C♀ and K♂J♀ on 180, 330, and 450 d, respectively. However, K♂K♀ shows growth disadvantage in every stage. The GCA is non-negative in both sire and dam of the C strain, while GCA of the K strain is non-positive. SCA is different in each stage, but is largely consistent with heterosis potence. Most of hybrid strains have growth heterosis in certain degrees, and can be applied commercially in large-scale production. The C strain has high and stable additive genetic value to hybrid offspring when used as candidate of parents. Therefore, to develop excellent Pacific oyster strain cross-breeding can be applied to establish different genetic breeding groups. |
| Key words: Crassostrea gigas complete diallel cross growth trait heterosis combining ability |
